!!!Birkenstock, Johann Melchior von b. Heiligenstadt im Eichsfelde (Germany), May 11, 1738, d. Vienna, Oct. 30, 1809, scholar, member of the Imperial Commission for Censorship and Education. Worked in the State Chancellery of Empress Maria Theresia and Emperor Joseph II; main achievements were the reorganization of the school system and the introduction of gymnastics in schools. Was surrounded by a cultural circle (L. van Beethoven, B. Brentano, etc.). !Literature H. Weitensfelder, Studium und Staat, 1996. %%language [Back to the Austrian Version|AEIOU/Birkenstock,_Johann_Melchior_von|class='wikipage austrian'] %% [{FreezeArticle author='AEIOU' template='Lexikon_1995_englisch'}] [{ALLOW view All}][{ALLOW comment All}][{ALLOW edit FreezeAdmin}]