!!!Birkenstock, Johann Melchior von

b. Heiligenstadt im Eichsfelde (Germany), May 11, 1738, 
d. Vienna, Oct. 30, 1809, scholar, member of the Imperial Commission 
for Censorship and Education. Worked in the State Chancellery of 
Empress Maria Theresia and Emperor Joseph II; main achievements were 
the reorganization of the school system and the introduction of 
gymnastics in schools. Was surrounded by a cultural circle (L. van  
Beethoven, B. Brentano, etc.).

!Literature
H. Weitensfelder, Studium und Staat, 1996.



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