!!!Dollfuß, Engelbert

b. Texing (municipality of Texingtal, Lower Austria), Oct. 4, 1892, 
d. Vienna, July 25, 1934 (murdered in the Federal Chancellery), 
politician (Christian Social Party). Aafter activities in World War I, 
Secretary of the Lower Austrian "Bauernbund" (Farmer's Association), 
Director of Lower Austrian Chamber of Agriculture, 1927; 1931 Minister 
of Agriculture and Forestry, 1932-1934 Federal Chancellor and Foreign 
Minister, D. dissolved the Austrian Parliament in March 1933; also in 
1933 banned the NSDAP, the Communist Party and the "Republikanischer 
Schutzbund" (Republican Defence Federation), and in 1934 after the  
Uprising, February 1934  the Social Democratic Party, recognizing only 
the "Vaterlaendische Front" (Fatherland Front) as a political force. 
D. governed by means of emergency decrees, introducing martial law and 
capital punishment because of National Socialist terror. He created an 
authoritarian  Corporate State with the constitution of May 1934, 
relying mostly on the support of the Catholic Church, the Heimwehr 
(paramilitary force) and the farmers. In 1934 he signed a  Concordat 
with the Holy See in Rome and (in the "Rome Protocols" agreed upon 
with Italy and Hungary) conceded to Mussolini some influence on 
Austrian domestic and foreign policy. D. was murdered during the 
National Socialist  July Putsch , after an attempt had already been 
made on his life in October 1933.

!Publication
Die Sozialversicherung in der Landwirtschaft 
Oesterreichs, 1931 (with R. Mertha).

!Literature
G. Jagschitz, Der Putsch, 1976; Protokolle des 
Ministerrates der 1. Republik. Kabinett Dr. E. D., 1980-1986; G. 
Jagschitz, E. D., in: Die oe. Bundeskanzler, 1983; J. W. Miller, E. D. 
als Agrarfachmann, 1989; F. Schausberger, Letzte Chance fuer die 
Demokratie, 1993; Eva Dollfuss, Mein Vater, Hitlers erstes Opfer, 
1994.



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