!!!Doppeladler

Double-headed Eagle (Double Eagle), symbol of sovereignty and heraldic 
animal. In Byzantium the double-headed eagle was used by Palaeologi 
emperors, in Central Europe by the Hohenstaufen, Luxemburg und 
Wittelsbach dynasties, also by Richard of Cornwall in England (as 
elected German king 1257-1272) and by the Russian tsars. The Habsburgs 
have used it since Friedrich III, who granted it to the cities of 
Vienna and Krems; 1804-1918 imperial coat of arms of the Austrian 
Empire, 1934-38 coat of arms of the corporate state.

!Literature
N. Weyss, Der Doppeladler, 1993.


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