!!!Dreibund

Triple Alliance (Dreibund), a secret defence alliance between 
Austria-Hungary, the German Empire and Italy extending the  Zweibund; 
signed for 5 years in 1882 and renewed every 5 years until 1914. 
Romania formed part of the alliance until 1883; in 1887 Bismarck 
concluded the "Reinsurance Treaty" with Russia, in which Russia was 
granted neutrality in the event of an Austro-Hungarian attack. In 1908 
the alliance was shaken by the Austrian annexation of Bosnia and 
Hercegovina and in 1914 by the Austrian ultimatum to Serbia (of which 
Italy and Romania were not informed); it collapsed when Italy declared 
war on Austria-Hungary in 1915.

!Literature
F. Fellner, Der Dreibund, 1960; F. Fellner and H. 
Granfeldt, Der Dreibund nach dem Sturze Bismarcks, in: Mitteilungen 
des oesterreichischen Staatsarchivs, 19, 1966; M. Behnen, Ruestung, 
Buendnis, Sicherheit, 1985.


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