Einzelrichter#

Judge Sitting Alone: in district courts justice is administrated in all cases by judges sitting alone; in provincial courts the judge sits alone in lawsuits where the amount involved does not exceed a certain limit, as well as in divorce cases, in non-contentious cases of death declarations and in criminal actions for which summary proceedings are permissible or in preliminary investigations. In courts of justice of 2nd instance and in the Supreme Court of Judicature judges administrate justice in panels.