!!!Europäischer Gerichtshof, EuGH

European Court of Justice (ECJ), the court of the European Communities 
created in 1958, domiciled in Luxembourg, responsible for interpreting 
and implementing the contracts and treaties of the  European Union and 
guaranteeing EU legislation. The ECJ consists of 15 independent judges 
(one from each member state), supported by 9 advocates general; the 
judges remain in office for a period of six years and are appointed by 
the governments of the member states. A Court of First Instance has 
also been in existence since 1989; it deals with claims and suits 
brought by private individuals and firms. The ECJ supervises 
compliance with EU treaties in the member states and the activities of 
the EU organs (nullity actions, actions for failure to act). The 
majority of decisions passed by the ECJ are what are known as 
preliminary rulings which serve as interpretations or judgements on 
the validity of EU legislation implementation in  the member states. 
The Austrian judge at the European Court of Justice has been Peter 
Jann since 1995.


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