!!!Fischer, Ruth eigentlich Elfriede Eisler

b. Leipzig, Gemany, Dec. 11, 1895, 
d. Paris, France, March 13, 1961, social worker and politician (KPOe - 
Communist Party); sister of the composer Hanns  Eisler. Founded the  
Kommunistische Partei Oesterreichs in Vienna on November 3, 1918, but 
could not hold her own as party leader and went to Berlin, where she 
was chairwoman of the KPD (German Communist Party) in 1924-25 and 
member of the German ''Reichsrat,'' where she was highly esteemed'' 
''for her oratorical skills. After her flight from Germany to Paris in 
1933, she emigrated to the United States in 1941, where she adopted a 
critical attitude towards Stalinism and supported the House Committee 
on Un-American Activities. After Stalin's death in 1953, she hoped 
Communism would adopt a more positive course. She returned to Europe 
in 1955 and lived in Paris until her death.

!Works
Deutsche Kinderfibel, 1933 (together with F. Heimann); Stalin 
and German Communism, 1948 Die Umformung der Sowjetgesellschaft, 1958.

!Literature
P. Luebbe (ed.), Ruth Fischer und A. Maslow. Abtruennig 
wider Willen, 1990; S. Hering and  K. Schilde, Kampfname Ruth Fischer. 
Wandlungen einer deutschen Kommunistin, 1995.



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