!!!Iran: Geography
||Location|Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan
||Geographic Coordinates|32 00 N, 53 00 E[{GoogleMap location='32.0,53.0' zoom='4'}]
||Area |''total: ''1,648,195 sq km\\''land: ''1,531,595 sq km\\''water: ''116,600 sq km\\[[__''Verified in 8 databases''__]
||Land boundaries|''total: ''5,894 km\\''border countries: ''Afghanistan 921 km, Armenia 44 km, Azerbaijan 689 km, Iraq 1,599 km, Pakistan 959 km, Turkey 534 km, Turkmenistan 1,148 km
||Coastline|2,440 km; note - Iran also borders the Caspian Sea (740 km)
||Elevation Extremes|''lowest point: ''Caspian Sea -28 m\\''highest point: ''Kuh-e Damavand 5,671 m
||Highest Mountains|__Due to difference in mountain rankings taken from two data sources we are listing here both lists :__\\ According to [Wolfram|http://www.wolframalpha.com]: [{WebBookPlugin src='web-books/damavand00de2001iicm'}] 5670 m; Alam Kuh 4850 m; Sabalan 4811 m; Takhte Soleyman 4659 m; Mount Heram 4650 m\\According to [Geonames|http://www.geonames.org]: Kuh-e Kalu Farangi 5642 m; Kuh-e Damavand[{WebBookPlugin src='web-books/damavand00de2001iicm'}] 5628 m; Kuh-e Zelzeleh Khiz 5150 m; Kuh-e Alborz 5025 m; Kuh-e ‘Alam 4822 m\\ \\__Attempted Explanation:__ Please help us to try to explain the discrepancies by sending us helpful information to [office@global-geography.org|mailto:office@global-geography.org] \\[Important Mountains|Geography/Asia/Iran/Geography/Important_Mountains]
||Terrain|rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts, mountains; small, discontinuous plains along both coasts
||Natural Hazards|periodic droughts, floods; dust storms, sandstorms; earthquakes
||Natural Resource|petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur
||Land Use|''arable land: ''10.05%\\''permanent crops: ''1.08%\\''other: ''88.86% (2011)
||Climate|mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast
||Irrigated Land|87,000 sq km (2009)
||Renewable Water Resources|137 cu km (2011)
||Environment_CurrentIssues|air pollution, especially in urban areas, from vehicle emissions, refinery operations, and industrial effluents; deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; oil pollution in the Persian Gulf; wetland losses from drought; soil degradation (salination); inadequate supplies of potable water; water pollution from raw sewage and industrial waste; urbanization
||Environment - international agreements|''party to: ''Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands\\''signed, but not ratified: ''Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation
||Large Cities|Tehran; Mashhad; Isfahan; Karaj; Tabriz\\ __[[Verified]__\\[Important Cities|Geography/Asia/Iran/Geography/Important_Cities]
||Geography-note|strategic location on the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz, which are vital maritime pathways for crude oil transport