!!!Bosnia and Herzegovina: Economy
Bosnia has a transitional economy with limited market reforms. The economy relies heavily on the export of metals, energy, textiles, and furniture as well as on remittances and foreign aid. A highly decentralized government hampers economic policy coordination and reform, while excessive bureaucracy and a segmented market discourage foreign investment. Foreign banks, primarily from Austria and Italy, now control most of the banking sector. The konvertibilna marka (convertible mark or BAM) - the national currency introduced in 1998 - is pegged to the euro, and confidence in the currency and the banking sector has remained stable. \\  \\ Interethnic warfare in Bosnia and Herzegovina caused production to plummet by 80% from 1992 to 1995 and unemployment to soar, but the economy made progress until 2008, when the global economic crisis caused a downturn. Bosnia and Herzegovina became a full member of the Central European Free Trade Agreement in September 2007. \\  \\ Bosnia's private sector is growing slowly, but foreign investment has dropped sharply since 2007. Government spending - including transfer payments - remains high, at roughly 40% of GDP, because of redundant government offices at the national, sub-national, and municipal level. High unemployment remains the most serious macroeconomic problem. Successful implementation of a value-added tax in 2006 provided a steady source of revenue for the government and helped rein in gray-market activity. National-level statistics have also improved over time but a large share of economic activity remains unofficial and unrecorded. \\  \\ Bosnia and Herzegovina's top economic priorities are: acceleration of integration into the EU; strengthening the fiscal system; public administration reform; World Trade Organization membership; and securing economic growth by fostering a dynamic, competitive private sector.
!!Economic Facts
||GDP (purchasing power parity)|$42.53 billion (2016 est.) \\ $41.29 billion (2015 est.) \\ $40.03 billion (2014 est.) \\ ''__note__'': data are in 2016 dollars \\ 
||GDP (official exchange rate)|$16.53 billion (2015 est.)
||GDP - real growth rate|3% (2016 est.) \\ 3.2% (2015 est.) \\ 1.1% (2014 est.)
||GDP - per capita (PPP)|$11,000 (2016 est.) \\ $10,700 (2015 est.) \\ $10,300 (2014 est.) \\ ''__note__'': data are in 2016 dollars \\ 
||Gross national saving|12% of GDP (2016 est.) \\ 10.5% of GDP (2015 est.) \\ 10.3% of GDP (2014 est.)
||GDP - composition, by end use|''household consumption'': 80.9% \\ ''government consumption'': 21.5% \\ ''investment in fixed capital'': 18.6% \\ ''investment in inventories'': 0% \\ ''exports of goods and services'': 32.8% \\ ''imports of goods and services'': -55.1% (2016 est.) \\ 
||GDP - composition, by sector of origin|''agriculture'': 7.8% \\ ''industry'': 26.8% \\ ''services'': 65.4% (2016 est.) \\ 
||Agriculture - products|wheat, corn, fruits, vegetables; livestock
||Industries|steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese, bauxite, aluminum, motor vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden furniture, ammunition, domestic appliances, oil refining
||Industrial production growth rate|4% (2016 est.)
||Labor force|1.48 million (2016 est.)
||Labor force - by occupation|''agriculture'': 19% \\ ''industry'': 30% \\ ''services'': 51% (2013) \\ 
||Unemployment rate|43.2% (2015 est.) \\ 43.2% (2015 est.) \\ ''__note__'': official rate; actual rate is lower as many technically unemployed persons work in the gray economy \\ 
||Population below poverty line|17.2% (2011 est.)
||Household income or consumption by percentage share|''lowest 10%'': 2.7% \\ ''highest 10%'': 27.3% (2007) \\ 
||Distribution of family income - Gini index|36.2 (2007)
||Budget|''revenues'': $7.681 billion \\ ''expenditures'': $7.975 billion (2016 est.) \\ 
||Taxes and other revenues|46.5% of GDP (2016 est.)
||Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)|-1.8% of GDP (2016 est.)
||Public debt|46.5% of GDP (2016 est.) \\ 46.1% of GDP (2015 est.) \\ ''__note__'': data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as int \\ 
||Fiscal year|calendar year
||Inflation rate (consumer prices)|-0.8% (2016 est.) \\ -1% (2015 est.)
||Commercial bank prime lending rate|5% (31 December 2016 est.) \\ 5.79% (31 December 2015 est.)
||Stock of narrow money|$5.008 billion (31 December 2016 est.) \\ $4.554 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
||Stock of broad money|$9.223 billion (31 December 2015 est.) \\ $10.72 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
||Stock of domestic credit|$9.367 billion (31 December 2016 est.) \\ $9.389 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
||Market value of publicly traded shares|$NA
||Current account balance|-$847 million (2016 est.) \\ -$901 million (2015 est.)
||Exports|$3.93 billion (2016 est.) \\ $3.95 billion (2015 est.)
||Exports - commodities|metals, clothing, wood products
||Exports - partners|Slovenia 16.5%, Italy 15.9%, Germany 12.1%, Croatia 11.5%, Austria 11.1%, Turkey 5.2% (2015)
||Imports|$7.765 billion (2016 est.) \\ $8.173 billion (2015 est.)
||Imports - commodities|machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
||Imports - partners|Croatia 19.3%, Germany 13.9%, Slovenia 13.8%, Italy 10.9%, Austria 5.7%, Hungary 5.2%, Turkey 4.5% (2015)
||Reserves of foreign exchange and gold|$4.8 billion (31 December 2016 est.) \\ $4.791 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
||Debt - external|$9.768 billion (31 December 2016 est.) \\ $9.597 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
||Stock of direct foreign investment - at home|$7.92 billion (2014 est.) \\ $7.721 billion (2013 est.)
||Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad|$0 (2014)
||Exchange rates|konvertibilna markas (BAM) per US dollar - \\ 1.806 (2016 est.) \\ 1.7626 (2015 est.) \\ 1.7626 (2014 est.) \\ 1.4718 (2013 est.) \\ 1.52 (2012 est.)