Estonia: People & Society#
| Population | 1,258,545 (July 2016 est.) |
|---|---|
| Nationality | noun: Estonian(s) adjective: Estonian |
| Ethnic groups | Estonian 68.7%, Russian 24.8%, Ukrainian 1.7%, Belarusian 1%, Finn 0.6%, other 1.6%, unspecified 1.6% (2011 est.) |
| Languages | Estonian (official) 68.5%, Russian 29.6%, Ukrainian 0.6%, other 1.2%, unspecified 0.1% (2011 est.) |
| Religions | Lutheran 9.9%, Orthodox 16.2%, other Christian (including Methodist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal) 2.2%, other 0.9%, none 54.1%, unspecified 16.7% (2011 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 16.12% (male 104,011/female 98,809) 15-24 years: 9.3% (male 60,714/female 56,291) 25-54 years: 41.64% (male 263,762/female 260,334) 55-64 years: 13.47% (male 76,063/female 93,479) 65 years and over: 19.47% (male 82,968/female 162,114) (2016 est.) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 53.5% youth dependency ratio: 24.7% elderly dependency ratio: 28.8% potential support ratio: 3.5% (2015 est.) |
| Median age | total: 42.4 years male: 39 years female: 45.8 years (2016 est.) |
| Population growth rate | -0.54% (2016 est.) |
| Birth rate | 10.3 births/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Death rate | 12.5 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Net migration rate | -3.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Population distribution | a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations |
| Urbanization | urban population: 67.5% of total population (2015) rate of urbanization: -0.45% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) |
| Major urban areas - population | TALLINN (capital) 391,000 (2015) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.81 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.51 male(s)/female total population: 0.88 male(s)/female (2016 est.) |
| Mother's mean age at first birth | 26.5 (2013 est.) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 9 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 3.8 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 76.7 years male: 71.9 years female: 81.7 years (2016 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.6 children born/woman (2016 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 63.4% note: percent of women aged 18-49 (2004/05) |
| Health expenditures | 6.4% of GDP (2014) |
| Physicians density | 3.24 physicians/1,000 population (2012) |
| Hospital bed density | 5.3 beds/1,000 population (2011) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 99% of population total: 99.6% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 1% of population total: 0.4% of population (2015 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 97.5% of population rural: 96.6% of population total: 97.2% of population unimproved: urban: 2.5% of population rural: 3.4% of population total: 2.8% of population (2015 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 1.3% (2013 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 8,600 (2013 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | NA |
| Major infectious diseases | degree of risk: intermediate vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis (2016) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 24.5% (2014) |
| Education expenditures | 4.8% of GDP (2013) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.8% male: 99.8% female: 99.8% (2015 est.) |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 17 years male: 16 years female: 17 years (2013) |
| Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 | total: 15% male: 19.3% female: 10% (2014 est.) |