!!!Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): Government ||Country name|''conventional long form'': none \\ ''conventional short form'': Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) \\ ''etymology'': the archipelago takes its name from the Falkland Sound, the strait separating the two main islands; the channel itself was named after the Viscount of Falkland who sponsored an expedition to the islands in 1690; the Spanish name for the archipelago derives from the French "Iles Malouines," the name applied to the islands by French explorer Louis-Antoine de BOUGAINVILLE in 1764 \\ ||Dependency status|overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina ||Government type|parliamentary democracy (Legislative Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK ||Capital|Stanley[{GoogleMap location='Stanley' zoom='6'}] \\ ''geographic coordinates'': 51 42 S, 57 51 W \\ ''time difference'': UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) \\ ||Administrative divisions|none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) ||Independence|none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) ||National holiday|Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) ||Constitution|previous 1985; latest entered into force 1 January 2009 (2016) ||Legal system|English common law and local statutes ||Citizenship|see United Kingdom ||Suffrage|18 years of age; universal ||Executive branch|''chief of state'': Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Colin ROBERTS (since 28 April 2014) \\ ''head of government'': Chief Executive Keith PADGETT (since 1 February 2012) \\ ''cabinet'': Executive Council elected by the Legislative Council \\ ''elections/appointments'': the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief executive appointed by the governor \\ ||Legislative branch|''description'': unicameral Legislative Assembly, formerly the Legislative Council (10 seats; 8 members directly elected by majority vote and 2 appointed ex officio members - the chief executive, appointed by the governor, and the financial secretary; members serve 4-year terms) \\ ''elections'': last held on 7 November 2013 (next to be held in November 2017) \\ ''election results'': percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 8 \\ ||Judicial branch|''highest resident court(s)'': Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, the chief justice as an ex officio, non-resident member, and 2 justices of appeal); Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice); note - appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are referred to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) \\ ''judge selection and term of office'': all justices appointed by the governor; tenure specified in each justice's instrument of appointment \\ ''subordinate courts'': Magistrate's Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction \\ ||Political parties and leaders|none; all independents ||Political pressure groups and leaders|Falkland Islands Association (supports freedom of the people from external causes) ||International organization participation|UPU ||Diplomatic representation in the US|none (overseas territory of the UK) ||Diplomatic representation from the US|none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) ||Flag description|blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT ||National symbol(s)|ram ||National anthem|''name'': "Song of the Falklands"" \\ ''lyrics/music'': Christopher LANHAM \\ \\ ''__note__'': adopted 1930s; the song is the local unofficial anthem; as a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the Queen" is official (see United Kingdom) \\