!!!Behördenorganisation

Public Authorities, Structure of, The Federal Constitution provides 
for two types of executive authority:  Jurisdiction and Administration 
of Justice, and administration in general. Accordingly, there are 
administrative and court authorities ( Public Authority ). The main 
difference is that administrative authorities are to a great extent 
bound by instructions whereas the administration of justice is carried 
out by independent organs, the judges. While justice is a federal 
matter, the administration is shared by federal and provincial 
authorities and is partly within the discretion of what are called 
decentralised public corporations (esp. municipalities, chambers).

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The implementation of administrative acts is entrusted to several 
instances. The supreme organs are the Federal President, the Federal 
Government and the Federal Ministries. Lower instances are either 
special federal administration authorities (direct federal 
administration, e.g. Federal Office of Security, Office of Finance), 
or, what is more often the case, the affairs of the federal 
administration are carried out by provincial authorities (indirect 
federal administration, e.g. Landeshauptmann and subordinate 
provincial authorities, i.e. in most cases the District Commissioner).

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In each province the supreme organ of administration is the  
Provincial Government  headed by the Landeshauptmann. The Provincial 
Governments are elected by the  Landtag. They are the superior 
instance to the  Bezirkshauptmannschaft, which are headed by the 
District Commissioners.

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Affairs both of the federal and the provincial administration are 
partly carried out by the municipal authorities (either in a 
discretionary capacity within their own jurisdiction or subject to 
instruction within what is called delegated jurisdiction). The 
municipalities are headed by a  Mayor .  Chartered Cities and Towns 
have the legal status of municipality and at the same time a District 
Commission.


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