!!!Bischofshofen

Bischofshofen, Salzburg, market town in the district of St. Johann im 
Pongau, alt. 544 m, pop. 10,138, area 49.62 km%%sup 2/%, important 
railway junction in the mid Salzach Valley (Pongau area) at the foot 
of the Hochkoenig (2,491 m). - Employment service, college for alpine 
agriculture, munitions institute of the Austrian army (Buchberg), 
Chamber of Labour, Vocational Training Institute of the Chamber of 
Labour, St. Rupert mission house, centre of environmental technology, 
college of tourism, kindergarten teacher training college, private St. 
Rupert Gymnasium secondary school, adult education centre; in 1991, 
roughly 61% of the active workforce worked in the service sector 
(mainly transport, trade, personal, social and public services); in 
the metal-processing industry (esp. building machinery production, as 
well as also metal, machine and tank construction, foundries), 
production of insulating glass, wood-processing (mostly at 
Mitterberghuetten); Bischofshofen run-of-river power station (built in 
1984, 73,200 Megawatt/hour), some tourism (37,514 overnight stays), 
Eiskogel cave (6,500 m long), ski jumps (final competition of the 
annual 4-jump tour).

\\
Ancient settlement area on Goetschenberg mountain, earliest evidence 
of copper processing in the Bischofshofen area dates from the second 
half of the 4%%sup th/%  century B.C. Copper mining below the surface 
(17%%sup th/%  century B.C., relics of tunnels) in Buchberg and 
Mitterberg mountains. Worship of St. Maximilian probably since ancient 
times; monastery of St. Maximilian founded by  Rupert around 711/712 
(destroyed in 820 and rebuilt in 822); first documented mention around 
700 as "Pongo", the name "Bischofshofen" was first mentioned in 1217; 
economic upswing started in 1829 when copper mining was taken up again 
and a railway was built (1875). - Romanesque-Gothic parish church 
(14%%sup th/% -15%%sup th/%  century) with frescoes dating from around 
1500, marble tomb (1453) of Bishop Pflieger of Chiemsee, Gothic 
frescoes and sculptures; St. Rupert cross (7%%sup th/% -8%%sup th/%  
century, Irish) in the churchyard; Gothic church of Our Lady (1457) 
with Romanesque foundations (around 1000), frescoes (around 1420) and 
the oldest surviving tabernacle in the country (1618); Romanesque 
church of St. Georg with a fresco cycle (around 1230); Romanesque 
tower (during the 13%%sup th/%  century seat of the bishops of 
Chiemsee); Romanesque subsidiary church on Buchberg mountain with 
frescoes (around 1330).

!Literature
S. Biechl, Die Chronik von B., 1971; H. Koller et al., 
Beitraege zur Geschichte Bischofshofen, 1977; J. Apfelthaler et al., 
Bischofshofen. 5000 Jahre Geschichte und Kultur, 1984.


%%language
[Back to the Austrian Version|AEIOU/Bischofshofen|class='wikipage austrian']
%%

[{FreezeArticle author='AEIOU' template='Lexikon_1995_englisch'}]
[{ALLOW view All}][{ALLOW comment All}][{ALLOW edit FreezeAdmin}]