!!!Bodentypen

Soil Types: The soils in Austria are approximately 6,000 years old, 
which means that particular consideration must be given to soil 
conservation as the present level of scientific knowledge does not yet 
make it possible to return polluted soil to its original state. At the 
same time, eroded or stripped soil needs a long time to regenerate (if 
this is at all possible). Soil conservation is therefore acquiring 
increasing importance in landscape conservation and preservation of 
the fertility of the land. The main functions of the soil are 
production, filtration and infrastructure. For agriculture, the soil 
represents a raw material that is not renewable, at least not in the 
short term.

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Conditioned by Austria's extremely diverse lithological structure, the 
sharp changes in relief and the varying climate, the soils also change 
over very short distances. Broadly speaking, in the Waldviertel and 
Muehlviertel areas there are predominantly silicate brown soils, brown 
podzolic soils and podzols, in the Northern Alpine foothills 
para-brown soils, gleysolic para-brown soils and Pseudogley soils and 
in the Southeastern Alpine foothills Pseudogley soils. High quality 
chernozems (steppe-land black earths) occur in the Vienna Basin, in 
particular north of the Danube; in the southern part, chernozems and 
rendzinas on gravel predominate. Rendzinas also cover large areas of 
the Northern and Southern Limestone Alps, whereas podzolic and 
semipodzols covers much of the Central Alps. In the wide valleys there 
are extensive floodplain forest soils. In the Seewinkel area, one of 
the lowest areas in Austria, there are saline soils  map.


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