!!!Byzantinische Einflüsse

Byzantine Influences: Byzantine forms spread to Austria at the time of 
the Crusades (fresco in the chapel of St. John in Puergg), though 
occasional relations between Austria and the Byzantine Empire date 
even further back. They were particularly promoted by family relations 
with the Babenbergs: During the Second Crusade the Babenberg ruler 
Heinrich II (1141-1177) married Theodora Comnenus, a niece of the 
Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Comnenus (1143-1180); Theodora from 
the imperial family of Angeloi was the wife of Duke Leopold VI 
(1198-1230); the last Babenberg ruler, Friedrich II (1230-1246), 
was married to Sophia Lascaris from the imperial family of Nicaea. 
However, the acceptance of the intentions and ideals of Byzantine 
artists was not limited to the Ducal court; their literature and 
decorative techniques eventually spread throughout the country and 
greatly enriched Austrian knowledge in the field of natural science. 
When Constantinople was captured by the Ottoman Turks in the 
mid-15%%sup th/%  century, Byzantine intellectuals fled to Europe and 
their knowledge was accepted and appreciated with the rise of Humanism 
in Austria and all parts of Europe.


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