!!!Eisenstadt

Eisenstadt, Burgenland, district of Eisenstadt, town with statutory 
privileges, alt. 182 m, pop. 10,349, area 42.90 km%%sup 2/%, 
capital of the province of Burgenland on the southern escarpment of 
the Leithagebirge; free town since 1648. - Seat of the provincial 
government, provincial diet and all provincial and district 
authorities ( e.g. school authorities, rural police administration 
etc.), provincial Employment Services, district building and 
construction office, fiscal authorities, office of weights, measures 
and surveying, federal police station, federal building authority, 
supreme police authorities, provincial library and provincial 
archives, provincial observatory, federal institute of viniculture, 
federal wine inspectorate, central administration of the Burgenland 
Elektrizitaetswirtschafts AG, prison, St. Martin barracks, bar 
association, medical association, chamber of pharmacists, chamber of 
agriculture, economic chamber, chamber of labour, Burgenland 
farmers´ association, provincial tourist association, various 
social insurance institutions, health and social insurance offices, 
Burgenland provincial museum including a "Wine Museum", Haydn Museum 
in the house where he once lived, Provincial Art Gallery, diocesan 
museum; Austrian Jewish museum (with synagogue) in the district of 
Eisenstadt-Unterberg, which used to be predominantly Jewish 
(1671-1938); provincial fire brigade museum, Europahaus Eisenstadt 
centre, consulates, Kolpinghaus (founded by the priest A. Kolping, 
today one of the largest organisations of hostels for young people and 
the needy), venue for cultural events and congresses, multi-purpose 
sports hall, Eisenstadt-Trausdorf airfield, sports centre, educational 
centre, WIFI - Wirtschaftsfoerderungsinstitut; various schools: 
Gymnasium and Bundesgymnasium secondary schools, private upper-level 
Gymnasium school, Gymnasium of the diocese of Eisenstadt, commercial 
academy (Handelsakademie), commercial school (Handelsschule), 
advanced-level technical school (Hoehere Technische Lehranstalt), 
advanced-level federal school (Hoehere Bundeslehranstalt), commercial 
vocational school (Fachschule fuer wirtschaftliche Berufe), pedagogic 
academy (Paedagogische Akademie) and pedagogical institute 
(Paedagogisches Institut), Theresianum (schools of the Sisters of the 
Divine Saviour), religious-instruction teacher training institute, 
vocational school of agriculture, Fachhochschule, vocational school, 
adult education centre, adult education centre for Croats in 
Burgenland, Federal boarding school, Joseph Haydn Conservatoire. 
Cultural events include Burgenland Haydn festival (Esterházy 
Palace) and Burgenland wine weeks. Diocesan authorities, hospital and 
nurses´ home of the Fathers of Charity are also located in 
Eisenstadt. Most companies offer services (about 77 % of the 
10,053 workforce in 1991), especially personal, social and public 
services; banks and insurance firms, telecommunications companies, 
commerce, trade, trade park, technology centre; only few production 
companies: production of laminates (synthetic coatings and springs), 
steel works and mechanical engineering, wood processing. Wine 
whole-sale businesses (most important wine market in the province of 
Burgenland), tourism (61,623 overnight stays), fruit growing.

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''History:'' Settlement on Burgstallberg mountain dating back to the 
Hallstatt period, Roman settlement (burial site on the grounds where 
the barracks are situated today), in 1264 mentioned in a document as 
"minor Mortin" (Hungarian "Kismarton"), in 1373 mentioned as 
"Eisenstat", 1388 market town. 1445 acquired by Archduke 
Albrecht VI, then for almost 200 years owned by the Habsburgs, in 
1622 it was pledged, in 1648 Eisenstadt was acquired by the  
Esterházy family; in 1648 Eisenstadt was granted the rank of a 
royal Hungarian free town. In 1921 Burgenland (and Eisenstadt) became 
part of Austrian territory; became the provincial capital in 1925, 
bishopric since 1960.

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''Buildings:'' Cathedral church (1460-1522), late Gothic church, 
formerly fortified, Baroque decoration, 1903/1904 redecorated in 
Gothic style, 1952-1963 renovation and alterations; stained-glass 
windows by F. Deed and M. Bilger; Franciscan church with former 
monastery (built in 1625-1629), Esterházy tomb in east tract of 
the monastery (1560, façade built after 1648); town hall, 
Esterházy palace (probably built 1388-1392 as a castle), 
extension 1663-1672 by C. M. Carlone, at the end of the 
18%%sup th/%  century partly rebuilt in Classicist style by 
C. de Moreau, banqueting hall or "Haydn hall", show rooms, castle 
gardens (1805-1820), plague monument (1713). In Eisenstadt-Oberberg, 
artificial Mount Calvary with pilgrimage chapel (1705) and Chapel of 
the Holy Cross, mountain church (started in 1715) with mausoleum of J. 
 Haydn (1932 endowed by Prince Esterházy); church, monastery 
and hospital of the Fathers of Charity (18%%sup th/%  century). 
Late Gothic fortified church in Kleinhoeflein.

!Literature
Allgemeine Landestopographie des Burgenlandes, 
vol. 2: Der Verwaltungsbezirk Eisenstadt und die Freistaedte 
Eisenstadt und Rust, 1963; Oesterreichisches Staedtebuch, 
vol. II, Burgenland, 1970.


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