!!!Esperanto

Esperanto, artificial language constructed by the ophthalmologist 
Lazar Ludwig Zamenhof (1859-1917), (first in 1887 as a project in the 
form of a text book). The 1%%sup st/%  Esperanto group in the 
Austro-Hungarian Empire was founded in Brno; all-Austrian congresses 
took place in Vienna (1910), Prague (1911), Graz (1913) and 
Franzensbad (1914). In 1917 a lectorate for Esperanto was established 
at the University of Technology in Vienna; from 1924 Esperanto was 
allowed to be taught at public schools. Until 1934 the Austrian 
Esperanto movement was divided along party lines. The social-democrat 
esperantists started in 1912; in 1923 a "neutral" Esperanto 
organisation with 23 groups was established; in 1928 Catholic 
esperantists organised themselves; in 1929 the Austria 
Esperanto-Asocio was founded. In 1945 the heavily decimated Esperanto 
movement started to recover.

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In 1985 the Austrian Esperanto Association was founded, all Austrian 
Esperanto groups are members of this association. Since 1927 there has 
been the International Esperanto Museum of the Austrian National 
Library in Vienna. The Austrian radio station Radio International 
broadcasts a programme in Esperanto once a week. In 1987 the printing 
firm "Pro Esperanto" was founded in Vienna. The Esperanto world 
congress, which takes place annually, has met four times in Vienna: in 
1924 (3,400 participants), in 1936 (854 participants), in 1970 (1,987 
participants) and in 1992 (3,033 participants).

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Some of the most famous Austrian esperantists are: A. H. Fried 
(1864-1921, Nobel peace prize winner of 1911), F. Wollmann (1871-1962, 
Inspector of Schools of the province of Vienna); R. Kaftan (1870-1958, 
founder of Vienna´s Watch Museum), H. Weinhengst (1904-1945, 
Esperanto author), ex-Federal President F. Jonas and E. Wuester 
(1898-1977, author of the Encyclopaedic Esperanto Dictionary).

!Literature
D. Blanke, Internationale Plansprachen, 1985; U. Lins, Die 
gefaehrliche Sprache, 1988; H. Mayer, Die Etablierung der 
Interlinguistik als Wissenschaft und ihre moeglichen Auswirkungen auf 
den Sammlungsauftrag des Internationalen Esperanto-Museums in Wien, 
1988; U. Eco, Search for the Perfect Language, 1994.


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[Back to the Austrian Version|AEIOU/Esperanto|class='wikipage austrian']
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