!!!Freidenker

Freethinkers, ideological movement of atheists or areligious persons, 
organised since 1887 in various associations which, for example, 
supported making cremation legal. In 1918 the Oesterreichischer 
Freidenker-Bund ("Austrian Freethinkers' League"; insignia: pansy) was 
founded within the context of the workers' movement based on Marxist 
ideas, closely affiliated with the Social Democratic Party; the 
Oesterreichischer Freidenker-Bund was organised in about 300 local 
groups with approximately 45,000 members and canvassed for termination 
of church membership (monthly publication "Der Freidenker"); 
anti-church propaganda increased especially after the July Revolt of 
1927. The Freethinkers movement was banned in 1933. Re-established in 
1948, the movement is non-party affiliated and is not active publicly. 
The same is true of the Freigeistige Vereinigung Oesterreichs 
("Libertarian Association of Austria"), founded in 1947, which is also 
ideologically neutral. - From 1925 to 1933 the Internationale 
Proletarische Freidenker ("International Organisation of Proletarian 
Freethinkers"), influenced by Communist ideas, had its seat in Vienna.

!Literature
K. Becker, Freigeistige Bibliographie, 1974; F. Heyer and 
V. Pitzer, Religion ohne Kirche, 1977; J. C. Kaiser, 
Arbeiterbewegung und organisierte Religionskritik, 1981.


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