!!!Glöckel, Otto

b. Pottendorf (Lower Austria), Feb. 8, 1874, 
d. Vienna, July 23, 1935, school reformer and Social Democratic 
politician. From 1907 member of the Reichsrat, 1918-1920 member of the 
Provisional and then the Constituent National Assembly, 1920-1933 
member of the Nationalrat, 1919/1920 subordinate Staatssekretaer for 
education, from 1922-1934 executive second president of the Vienna 
Municipal School Board, temporarily arrested in 1934. Leading 
organiser of a social democratic reform of schools in the 1st Republic 
( Comprehensive School). G. and his co-workers (like V.  Fadrus, H.  
Fischl, K.  Furtmueller) wanted equality of opportunity through the 
elimination of educational barriers, integration into society and 
elimination of the influence of the Church. The central office of 
school reform was at first the Department for Reform (Reformabteilung 
1919-1923) in the Ministry of Education, then the Vienna Municipal 
School Board. G's measures greatly contributed to "interior" reforms, 
like the renewal of curricula, publication of school books more 
suitable for children (with the help of the publishing house  Jugend 
und Volk, J & V) founded by the City of Vienna, the introduction of 
democratic behaviour in the "school communities", improvements in 
teacher training and further education for teachers (1923 
establishment of the Vienna Municipal Pedagogic Institute with a 
pedagogic central library) were widely supported, also successful 
organisational reforms in military cadet schools (1919), in state (as 
of 1920 federal) homes for juvenile delinquents and the expansion of 
facilities for special needs teaching in Vienna; trial projects for 
secondary schools offering a wide range of education  Allgemeine 
Mittelschule resulted only in a compromise, the creation of the 
secondary modern school  Hauptschule (1927).

!Works
Das Tor der Zukunft, 1917; Die oesterreichische Schulreform, 
1923; Drillschule - Lernschule - Arbeitsschule, 1928; O. G., 
Selbstbiographie, 1939. - Edition: Ausgewaehlte Schriften und Reden, 
ed. by O. Achs, 1985.

!Literature
O. Achs et al. Krassnigg, Drillschule - Lernschule - 
Arbeitsschule. O. G. und die Schulreform der 1. Republik, 1974.



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