!!!Innerösterreich

Inneroesterreich: From the 16%%sup th/%  century, collective name for 
the duchies of Styria and Carinthia as well as Carniola and the County 
of Gorizia, as opposed to Tirol and the western Domains. When the 
Habsburg lands were divided in 1379, Albert III received the countries 
on the Danube (Upper and Lower Austria); Styria, Carinthia, Tirol, the 
old Habsburg lands in the west, and central Istria fell to his brother 
Leopold III. After Albert´s death in 1395, new conflicts arose 
in the Habsburg family. Under the Vienna Treaty, the line of Leopold 
III split into Styrian and Tirolean branches, resulting in three 
complexes of Austrian territory - a state of affairs that was to 
reappear in the 16%%sup th/%  century. The individual parts came to be 
known by the names of Niederoesterreich (then comprising Lower and 
Upper Austria), Inneroesterreich (comprising Styria, Carinthia, 
Carniola, and the Adriatic possessions), and Oberoesterreich 
(comprising the Tirol and the western domains, known as the Vorlande, 
or Vorderoesterreich ("Austrian Forelands")). Central organs for 
Inneroesterreich were established in Graz (the Privy Council, or 
Geheimer Rat, for foreign affairs and dynastic matters; the Court 
Treasury, or Hofkammer, for finance and budgeting; and the Court 
Council of War, or Hofkriegsrat, for border protection). Legations 
were sent to the Imperial Diet and to the Curia. The military frontier 
of Croatia was established and maintained by the government of 
Inneroesterreich in 1578. Karlsburg (now Karlovac, Croatia) became the 
new centre in 1579. When Karl V abdicated, Ferdinand I became emperor 
(1558), and thus the leadership of the empire was taken over by the 
Austrian (German) line of the Habsburgs. Maximilian II followed his 
father in Bohemia, Hungary, and the Austrian Danube territories 
(1564). Ferdinand, was endowed with Tirol and the Vorderlande; Karl 
received the Inner Austrian lands and took up residence in Graz. After 
Ferdinand II, Karl´s son, was elected German emperor at 
Frankfurt in 1619, the name Inneroesterreich was not used any more. 
After 1619 Vienna became the centre of the Empire. From that time 
onwards, the former government of Inneroesterreich (superior to the 
governors of Graz, Klagenfurt, Laibach (Ljubljana) and Goerz (Gorica), 
and those of Trieste, Fiume, Aquileia and Flitsch) was considered an 
intermediate government headed by a stadtholder.

!Literature
W. Neunteufel, Die Entwicklung der inneroesterreichischen 
Laender, in: Inneroesterreich 1564-1619, 1968.


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