!!!Kaplan, Viktor

b. Muerzzuschlag (Styria), Nov. 27, 1876, 
d. Unterach am Attersee (Upper Austria), Aug. 23, 1934, mechanical 
engineer, invented the K. turbine named after him. 1903 constructor 
and 1913-1932 professor at the University of Technology in 
Bruenn/Brno. Work on improving combustion engines, then concentrated 
on the construction of high-speed water turbines (modification of the 
Francis turbine). After 1912 K. designed a new water turbine with 
variable pitch runner blades, which could also be used for low heads 
in river power stations with changing water throw. The first K. 
turbine was put into operation in Velm (Lower Austria) in 1919 (today 
exhibited in the Technical Museum in Vienna). After some initial 
problems the K. turbine became widely used throughout the whole world 
after the 1920s.

!Works
Bau rationeller Francisturbinenlaufraeder, 1908; Theorie und 
Bau von Turbinenschnellaeufern, 1931 (with A. Lechner).

!Literature
OeBL; NDB.



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