!!!Kapuziner

Friars Minor, Capuchin (OFM Cap = Ordo Fratrum Minorum Capucinorum), 
independent mendicant order since 1619, live according to the rules of 
St. Francis of Assisi (1181/82-1226), as do the  Friars Minor 
Conventual and  Franciscans. This branch of the order was established 
in 1525 and, contrary to its original objective as a hermitic 
mendicant order, soon developed into an order for spiritual welfare 
work, which distinguished itself particularly with reconversions 
during the Counter-Reformation as well as in missionary and social 
work. The first Capuchins in Austria were called to Innsbruck by 
Archduke Ferdinand II in 1593. In the same year Capuchins also 
came to Salzburg, where they were responsible for the majority of 
Catholic reconversions, and in 1599 to Vienna, where in 1622 they were 
given a church and a monastery in the inner city ( Kapuzinergruft). 
Between 1600 and 1645 they settled in all the Austrian Laender. In 
1605 the Tyrolian ecclesiastic district or province was established; 
in 1928 the South-Tyrolian monasteries seceded, resulting in the 
establishment of the Brixen province and the North-Tyrolean province, 
which as of 2000 had 14 branches, with headquarters in Innsbruck. The 
monasteries established by Saint Lawrence of Brindisi in Prague, 
Vienna, and Graz represented the core of the former Bohemian province 
(1618) and the Styrian province (1619). The Austrian districts 
remaining after 1918 were united into the Viennese province in 1921; 
this province had 10 branches as of 2000.

!Literature
Lexikon fuer Theologie und Kirche, vol. 5, 1960.


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