!!!Kreisky, Bruno

Kreisky, Bruno, b. Vienna, Jan. 22, 1911, d. Vienna, July 
29, 1990, jurist and politician (Austrian Social Democratic Party, 
SPOe). From 1926 member of the Socialist workers´ youth 
organisation, 1935-1936 and 1938 imprisoned for political reasons, 
1938-1945 in exile in Sweden, 1946-1949 diplomat in Stockholm, 
1951-1953 political counsellor of Federal President T. Koerner, 
1967-1983 Federal Chairman of the SPOe ( Sozialdemokratische Partei 
Oesterreichs), 1976-1989 Vice-President of Socialist International, 
1953-1959 Staatssekretaer at the Federal Chancellery, 1956-1983 member 
of the Nationalrat, 1959-1966 Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1970-1983 
Chancellor: his time in office was characterized by expansion of the 
welfare state, judicial reforms, democratisation of the universities 
and initiatives in foreign policy (e.g. Middle East). K. attracted 
middle-class Catholic voters to the SPOe and made it the most 
successful Social Democratic party in Western Europe. Following a 
series of economic problems, scandals (e.g. Vienna General Hospital, 
AKH) and personal rivalries (e.g. "Androsch Affair") the SPOe lost its 
absolute majority in the Nationalrat in 1983 and K. retired from 
politics.

!Works
Zwischen den Zeiten, 1986; Im Strom der Politik, 1988; Der 
Mensch im Mittelpunkt, ed. by O. Rathkolb, 1996.

!Literature
H. Fischer, Die K.-Jahre, 1994; A. P. Pittler, 
B. K., 1996; W. Gatty (ed.), Die Aera K., 1997; W. Petritsch, 
B. K., 2000.


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