!!!Landtag

Landtag (provincial diet), body of representatives of a federal 
province in Austria, elected according to the same principles as the  
Nationalrat (National Council). Members are elected by universal, 
equal, direct, secret and personal ballot according to the principles 
of proportional representation as set out in the regulations of 
electoral procedure in the provinces. Eligible to vote are all 
citizens of a province, i.e. all Austrian citizens who have their main 
residence in the respective province. The right to vote can be 
extended to all Austrian citizens who have a residence in the province 
which is not their main residence. The legislative period of the 
Landtag is 6 years in Upper Austria, in all other federal provinces 5 
years. The number of members of the Landtag is fixed in provincial 
law. Rules of procedure are laid down in the  Constitutions, 
Provincial and the law for rules of procedure of the Landtag. Sittings 
are public. Members of the Landtag are, like members of the 
Nationalrat, not bound to a mandate ("free mandate") and enjoy the 
same parliamentary privilege.

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The Landtag has the following tasks: passing of provincial laws, 
approval of provincial budget proposals and provincial budget, 
election of the  Landeshauptmann, of the other members of the  
Provincial Government and of the representatives of the province in 
the  Bundesrat, political supervision of the  Administration, 
Provincial. The Landtag can dissolve itself (simple majority decision 
or provincial law) or the federal government can file a petition with 
consent of the Bundesrat and the federal president then dissolves the 
Landtag.

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Landtag was the name of the assemblies of the  Estates, Provincial 
until 1848 and of the representative bodies of the Crownlands, which 
were constituted with a system of class voting, the electorate was 
divided into curiae (socio-economic classes), according to the 
Landesordnungen of the February Patent between 1861 and 1914.

!Literature
F. Koja, Das Verfassungsrecht der oesterreichischen 
Bundeslaender, 1967.


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