!!!Leopoldsberg

Leopoldsberg Hill, alt. 425 m, hill in the 19%%sup th/%  district 
of Vienna, originally Kahlenberg (mons calvus) hill, north-eastern 
foothills of the Alps, geologically part of  Flysch Zone, look-out 
mountain located in the Vienna Woods. Slopes steeply down to the 
Danube. Grave finds of the urnfield culture (around 1300-1200 B.C., 
discovered in 1935) and a Celtic settlement from the 2%%sup nd/%  
century B.C. (exposed in 1994) are evidence of early settlement. A 
castle on Leopoldsberg built in the 13%%sup th/%  century was 
destroyed in 1529 to prevent the approaching Turks from occupying it, 
the patronage of the chapel, which was originally dedicated to St. 
George, was moved to the Kahlenbergerdorf village. The main castle was 
of similar size as the present walled-in area. Around 1679 Emperor 
Leopold I founded a new church with 4 cross arms around a central 
dome, and the site was renamed "Leopoldsberg". Damaged in 1683, the 
church was renovated between 1718-1730 by A. Beduzzi and was enlarged 
by a porch and front towers. Desecrated under Joseph II, it was 
re-consecrated in 1798 by Klosterneuburg Abbey. It contains 
documentation on the relieving battle during the Turkish siege on 
Vienna in 1683. The castle built in 1718 was destroyed by fire in 
1891. In 1877 a steep winding foot path was built leading from the 
Kahlenbergerdorf to Leopoldsberg and in 1935 the Hoehenstrasse (scenic 
highway) leading from Kahlenberg hill was constructed. The church was 
damaged in 1945 during the war and was later rebuilt.


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