!!!Mödling

Moedling, Lower Austria, town in the district of Moedling, alt. 
246 m, pop. 20,290, area 9.95 km%%sup 2/%, where the 
Moedling river flows into the Vienna Basin, south of Vienna. - 
District commission, local court, tax office, employment services, 
office of surveying, forest administration of the town of Moedling, 
Federal Institute for the Control of Animal Epidemics (Bundesanstalt 
fuer Tierseuchenbekaempfung), office of the Lower Austrian provincial 
government (construction supervision), economic chamber, chamber of 
labour, local chamber of agriculture, local health and insurance 
office, hospital with nursing school, centre for industrial and social 
medicine (AMZ), centre for educational psychology, Kalksburg drug 
clinic (Anton Proksch Institute), public life-counselling centre, 
social welfare centre, information centre for Lower Austrian trade and 
industry, Austrian Development Service (OeED) with centre of education 
for development aid, Austrian Institute for Further Education, 
Protestant parish (church), Protestant free church community, 
Trinitarian monastery with boarding school, retreat centre of the 
Society of the Sacred Heart, several types of secondary schools such 
as Bundes-Gymnasium and Bundes-Realgymnasium, Hoehere Technische 
Lehranstalt (technical secondary school), Handelsakademie der Wiener 
Kaufmannschaft (commercial secondary school), Hoehere Lehranstalt fuer 
Mode und Bekleidungstechnik (advanced-level school of fashion and 
dressmaking), institute for occupational pedagogics, 
Wirtschaftsfoerderungsinstitut (WIFI) of the Chamber of Commerce, 
training centre and social academy of the Chamber of Labour, rural 
police central school (Gendarmeriezentralschule), adult education 
centre, town theatre, central heating plant, water works, control 
station of the 1%%sup st/%  Vienna spring water main (Wiener 
Hochquellenleitung); Foehrenberge nature park (since 1989, earlier 
landscape conservation area); 7,717 persons employed (1991), about 
72 % of which in the service sector (mainly personal, social and 
public services); building and related trades dominate in the industry 
sector (construction companies, pre-cast concrete and pre-casting 
plant, building carpentry, etc.), industrial furnace construction 
industry, electrical industry, various small and medium-sized 
commercial enterprises; large number of commuters to and from Vienna. 
- First documented mention 903, from around 1177 seat of a collateral 
line of the Babenbergs (Heinrich von Moedling, followed by his son of 
the same name, known as "Duke of Moedling"); 1529 and 1683 destroyed 
by the Turks, until the 19%%sup th/%  century mainly wine-growing 
region, since the Vormaerz (period between the Congress of Vienna in 
1815 and the Revolution of 1848) popular summer tourist resort and 
place of residence of Viennese artists (L. van Beethoven, F. Schubert, 
F. Grillparzer, F. Raimund). Industrial site since the turn of the 
18%%sup th/%  to the 19%%sup th/%  century, status of town in 1875. - 
Medieval town centre with Renaissance houses; impressive late Gothic 
parish church of St. Othmar, former fortified church (1454-1523), 
Baroque vaults, early Classicist high altar (1760), important 
gravestones, flags (18%%sup th/%  century), late Romanesque charnel 
house decorated with frescoes (beginning of 14%%sup th/%  century), 
upper floor from 1698; hospital church (1443-1453), Renaissance 
paintings and epitaphs from the 2%%sup nd/%  half of the 16%%sup th/%  
century; Trinity column (1714); Renaissance town hall (1548); 
duke´s court (15%%sup th/%  century); castle (restored 1812, 
today a ruin). "Black tower" (1810); Pfefferbuechsl castle ruin (1818) 
and Amphitheater (1810), both from the Romantic period, now in ruins. 
Thonetschloessl mansion, today district museum (also houses the 
folklore museum with Via Sacra pilgrim museum, the sacral museum with 
mechanical Egerlaender Crib, the A. Wildgans House and the A. 
Schoenberg House); former Capuchin monastery (1740) today museum 
(founded 1898, with finds from early history, Hyrtl Collection, 
keepsakes of J. Schoeffel and L. van Beethoven); public indoor 
swimming-bath in Bauhaus style by A. Tamussino (1928). In a 
picturesque ravine with a high limerock (Klausen) lies the village of 
Vorderbruehl (with refugee camp). Nearby, Kleiner Anninger hill 
(494 m) with the "Husarentempel" ("Hussar Temple", 1813 built by 
J. Kornhaeusel).

!Literature
W. Breitschedl (ed.), Moedling. Landschaft, Kultur und 
Wirtschaft, 1975; Oesterreichisches Staedtebuch, vol. IV, 
part 2, Die Staedte Niederoesterreichs, 1976; E. Kleinert, Das 
Moedling-Buch, 1989; G. Waldner, Das alte Moedling, 1992.


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