!!!Maximilian II

Maximilian II, b. Vienna, July 31, 1527, 
d. Regensburg (Germany), Oct. 12, 1576, 1564 to 1576 Emperor, King of 
Hungary and Bohemia; son of Emperor  Ferdinand I, father of 
Emperor  Rudolf II and Emperor  Matthias. His father and his 
relatives in Spain, as well as the Pope, suspected him of sympathising 
with the Lutherans, but he remained a Catholic. M. complied with the 
terms of the Peace of Augsburg in Austria at national level and 
granted the Lutheran nobility freedom of worship in 1568/71 for 
themselves and their vassals. He himself made use of this freedom in 
the towns and paved the way for the Counter-Reformation. In the war 
against the Turks 1566 to 1568 (Peace of Adrianople) he remained as 
unsuccessful as in his attempts to unify the Empire and to become King 
of Poland. M. was a highly educated man and loved to have scholars 
around him. During his reign plants from oriental countries became 
known in Europe (tulips, lilac), and the first  Elephant was brought 
to Austria. With the erection of the Neugebaeude near Vienna he 
created an important renaissance monument.

!Literature
F. Edelmayer, Kaiser M., Kultur und Politik im 16 Jh., 
1992.



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