!!!Nobelpreisträger

Nobel Laureates: The Nobel Prize is the most prestigious international 
award for special achievements in the fields of physics, chemistry, 
physiology or medicine, literature and the maintenance of peace. It 
has been awarded annually from the interest accumulated by the Nobel 
Foundation established by the Swedish chemist and industrialist Alfred 
Nobel (1833-1896) on the suggestion of the Austrian B. von  
Suttner. The winners of the Physics and Chemistry awards are selected 
by the Swedish Academy of Sciences, the winners of the Physiology or 
Medicine prize by the Karolinska Medikokirugiska Institutet in 
Stockholm, the Literature laureates by the Royal Swedish Academy, and 
the winners of the Peace prize by a committee of the Norwegian 
Parliament (Storting). A Nobel Prize for Economics was founded in 1969 
by the Bank of Sweden and has since then been awarded by the Swedish 
Academy of Sciences.

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Austrian Nobel Laureates:

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''Nobel Peace Prize:'' Bertha v.  Suttner, 1905; Alfred Hermann  
Fried, 1911.

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''Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine:'' Robert  
Bárány, 1914 (Hungarian citizen, on research on 
physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus; Julius  
Wagner-Jauregg, 1927 (discovery of Malaria inoculation to treat 
dementia paralytica); Karl  Landsteiner, 1930 (discovery of the blood 
groups), Otto  Loewi, 1936 (research on the chemical transmission of 
nerve impulses); Konrad  Lorenz, 1973 (ethology of wild Greylags and 
domestic geese), Karl  Frisch, 1973 (ethology of bees, their dance 
language and orientation).

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''Nobel Prize for Chemistry:'' Fritz  Pregl, 1923 (for his invention 
of the method of micro-analysis of organic substances); Richard  
Zsigmondy, 1925 (German citizen, for his demonstration of the 
heterogenous nature of colloid solutions and for the methods he used, 
which have since become fundamental in modern colloid chemistry), 
Richard Johann  Kuhn, 1938 (German citizen, for his work on 
carotenoids and vitamins); Max Ferdinand  Perutz, 1962 (British 
citizen, for his studies of the structures of globular proteins); 
Walter  Kohn, 1998 (US citizen, for his development of the 
density-functional theory).

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''Nobel Prize for Physics:'' Erwin  Schroedinger, 1933 (for the 
discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory); Viktor Franz  
Hess, 1936 (for his discovery of cosmic radiation); Wolfgang  Pauli, 
1945 (for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the 
Pauli Principle in quantum theory).

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''Nobel Prize for Literature:'' Elias  Canetti, 1981 (British citizen, 
for his life´s work: writings marked by a broad outlook, a 
wealth of ideas and artistic power).

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''Nobel Prize for Economic Sciences:'' Friedrich August  Hayek, 1974 
(British citizen, for his pioneering work in the theory of money and 
economic fluctuations).

!Literature
D. Stenzel, Das grosse Lexikon der Nobelpreistraeger, 
1992.


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