!!!Ottokar II., Přemysl

b. around 1230, 
d. near Duernkrut (Lower Austria), Aug. 26, 1278, Margrave of Moravia, 
1251 Duke of Austria, 1253 King of Bohemia, 1261 Duke of Styria, 1269 
Duke of Carinthia and Carniola. Was made Duke in 1251 by the estate 
officials of Austria, married  Margarete in 1252, sister of the last 
Babenberg Friedrich II, but divorced her in 1261. Took Styria 
from Hungary and founded the towns of Marchegg, Bruck an der Mur, 
Leoben and Radkersburg in order to strengthen his power. In Vienna 
started to build the Imperial Palace and St. Stephen's Cathedral. 
The separation of Upper Austria from Lower Austria began in this 
period.

\\
Initially a mild ruler, from 1265 O. ruled with rigour ( Seifried von 
Mahrenberg), causing many nobles to change sides to the newly elected 
German king  Rudolf I von Habsburg from 1273. Since he did not 
ask for enfeoffment, was dispossessed of the territories of the  
Babenbergs and  Sponheims; in Nov. 1276 submitted near Vienna, but 
started war against Rudolf again in 1278, suffering defeat on August 
26, 1278, at the battle of  Marchfeld between Duernkrut and 
Jedenspeigen. He was killed while trying to escape.

!Literature
A. Kusternig, Die Zeit Koenig O. in Oesterreich, 1978; 
Ottokar-Forschungen, Jahrbuch fuer Landeskunde von Niederoesterreich, 
NF 44/45, 1979; J. K. Hoensch, Přemysl Otakar II. von 
Boehmen, 1989; J. Kuthan, P. O. Kg., Bauherr und Maezen, 
1996.



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