!!!Schikaneder, Emanuel eigentlich Johann Joseph Schickeneder

b. Straubing (Germany), Sept. 1, 1751 
d. Vienna, Sept. 21, 1812. Actor, singer, producer, dramatist and 
theatre manager. 1773 debut as a comedian in the theatre company Moser 
Schauspielgesellschaft, 1778 its manager. In 1780 he came to Salzburg 
with this company, where he met  W. A. Mozart; in 1785 he rented 
the Kaerntnertortheater in Vienna for a short time and acted at the 
Hofburgtheater in 1785/86; after emperor Joseph II refused to 
have a theatre built on the glacis, the open space outside the city 
walls, left for Regensburg in 1787; returning to Vienna in 1789 he 
directed the  Freihaustheater auf der Wieden and among other things 
staged numerous comedies and operas; in 1791 he acted as Papageno in 
the première of Mozart´s Magic Flute at the Freihaus 
theatre, for which he had written the libretto. In 1801 he opened the  
Theater an der Wien, of which he was artistic director until 1806, 
with a short break, and where he also worked as an actor and house 
dramatist. 1807-1909 he directed the Bruenner Theater; in 1811 he 
returned to Vienna via Steyr and died there impoverished and in mental 
derangement. He wrote a total of 44 libretti for operas and lyrical 
dramas as well as 55 plays (9 of them with music). His work 
constituted a transition from the plays of the Viennese  Hanswurst 
comedies to the dramatic works of F.  Raimund and J.  Nestroy.

\\
Edition: Saemmtl. theatral. Werke, 2 vols, 1892.

!Literature
E. Komorzynski, Der Vater der Zauberfloete, 1948; idem, 
E. S., %%sup 3/%1951; A. Bauer, Opern und Operetten in Wien, 
1955; W. Pfannkuch, E. S., 1963; K. Honolka, Papageno. E. S. 
Der grosse Theatermann der Mozart-Zeit, 1984; M. Kammermayer, 
E. S. und seine Zeit, 1992; A. Sonnek, E. S., 1999.



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