!!!Schmidt, Wilhelm, geb. 1868

b. Hoerde (Germany), Feb. 16, 1868, 
d. Fribourg (Switzerland), Feb. 10, 1954. Ethnologist, linguist, 
religious scholar, priest. Professor at the  Missionshaus St. Gabriel 
near Moedling (1896), university professor in Vienna (1920-1938), from 
1938 in Fribourg, 1927 director of the papal mission and ethnology 
museum in Rom; 1931 director of the Anthropos Institute at Moedling. 
Founded the international journal "Anthropos" in 1906 (published in 
Austria 1906-1938), the organ and theoretical foundation of a new 
approach to the study of cultural history, the Vienna School of 
Ethnology; organised study trips to non-European nonliterate 
indigenous peoples (M.  Gusinde, P.  Schebesta, W.  Koppers), was an 
expert on South-East-Asian and Australian languages, co-founder of 
historical ethnology and one of the main representatives of the theory 
of cultural circles (Kulturkreislehre) and the concept of original 
monotheism.

!Works
Die moderne Ethnologie, 1906; Der Ursprung der Gottesidee, 
1912; Voelker und Kulturen, 1924; Handbuch der vergleichenden 
Religionsgeschichte, 1930; Handbuch der Methode der kulturhist. 
Ethnologie, 1937; Rassen und Voelker, 3 vols., 1946-1949.

!Literature
F. Demarchi (ed.), W. S. Un etnologo sempre 
attuale, 1989; H. Koeb, Die Wr. Schule der Voelkerkunde als 
Antithese zum Evolutionismus, master´s thesis, Vienna 1996.



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