!!!Schuschnigg, Kurt

b. Riva (Italy), Dec. 14, 1897, 
d. Mutters (Tyrol), Nov. 18, 1977, law graduate and politician 
(Christian Socialist). Founded the Christian paramilitary unit 
"Ostmaerkische Sturmscharen" in 1930, then member of the Nationalrat 
(1927-1934). In 1932 appointed Minister of Justice, 1933/1934 also 
Minister of Education, from July 29, 1934 to March 11, 1938 Chancellor 
and Head of the Ministry of Education and of the Ministry of War. S. 
continued the authoritarian rule of E.  Dollfuss, tightened the ties 
with Mussolini's regime in Italy and promulgated the concept of 
Austria as a second German state. After the elimination of the 
Heimwehr (para-military force), he became Federal Commander of the 
Christian-Socialist movement  Fatherland Front in 1936 and tried to 
save Austria's independence by means of the  Juliabkommen 1936 
agreement and sweeping concessions to Hitler at a meeting in 
Berchtesgaden on February 12, 1938. On March 9, 1938 he announced a 
referendum on Austria's independence for March 13 but the German 
troops invaded the country beforehand ( Anschluss). On March 11, 1938 
he resigned under strong National Socialist pressure and was 
imprisoned until 1945. In 1948 S. emigrated to the USA, was Professor 
of Law at the University of St. Louis from 1948-1967 and then returned 
to the Tyrol.

!Works
Dreimal Oe., 1937; Ein Requiem in Rot-Weiss-Rot, 1947; Oe., 
eine historische Schau, 1948; Im Kampf gegen Hitler, 1969.

!Literature
R. K. Sheridon, K. v. S., 1942; W. Goldinger, K. S., in: 
F. Weissensteiner and E. Weinzierl (eds.), Die oe. Bundeskanzler, 
1983; A. Hopfgartner, K. S. Ein Mann gegen Hitler, 1989.



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