!!!Slowenien - Österreich

Slovenia - Austria: The German hereditary lands of the Habsburgs also 
comprised the territories of what is now Slovenia; Eastern Slovenia 
belonged to the Duchy of Styria, Western Slovenia was part of the 
Margravate of Carniola. Slovenia was of geographical importance to the 
Habsburg Monarchy: the most frequented road from Vienna to the 
Adriatic and to Italy as well as the Southern Railway ran through 
Maribor and Ljubljana to Trieste. While the majority of the urban 
population was German, the rural population was predominantly 
Slovenian. As the population of Slovenia felt that their sovereign 
Prince was not properly protecting them against the Turks, peasant 
revolts took place at the end of the 15%%sup th/%  century and in 
1515. In order to promote Reformation in Slovenia Primus Truber 
translated the Bible into the Slovenian language in the 16%%sup th/%  
century. In the late 18%%sup th/%  century the Slovenian language and 
culture experienced a revival.

\\
In the mid-19%%sup th/%  century there were national ambitions to 
establish a Slovenian administrative unit, which met with strong 
opposition around 1900. The planned introduction of Slovenian classes 
at the Gymnasium secondary school of Cilli (Celje) in 1895 resulted in 
the downfall of the government of A. Windisch-Graetz. On October 28, 
1918 the National Assembly of Slovenia decided to break away from the 
former federation of states and together with the Croats and Serbs 
formed the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (SHS-State, from 
1931 Kingdom of Yugoslavia). Their claim to Southern Styria and parts 
of Carinthia resulted in military occupation; as a result of the 
activities of the  Carinthian Resistance Movement Carinthia remained 
part of Austria under a plebiscite held in 1920. After 1941 Lower 
Styria and Upper Carniola (except Ljubljana) were administrated by 
Styria and Carinthia, whereas Lower Carniola and Ljubljana were 
administered by Italy. The fierceness with which the guerilla war was 
fought in Slovenia was in part due to resettlement policies pursued by 
the National Socialists. After 1945, the Soviet Union supported 
Yugoslavia´s claim for parts of Carinthia until Tito broke with 
the Soviet Union in 1948. The rights of Austrian  Slovenes were 
embodied in the Austrian State Treaty of 1955. The State of Slovenia, 
which was founded in 1992, (area 20,254 km%%sup 2/%, pop. 
1.996 million) still is the from the former Yugoslavia which 
still shares a border with Austria.

!Literature
B. Reisp, Die Anfaenge der slowenischen Wiedergeburt, in: 
Oesterreich zur Zeit Josephs II., exhibition catalogue, Melk 
1980.


%%language
[Back to the Austrian Version|AEIOU/Slowenien_-_Österreich|class='wikipage austrian']
%%

[{FreezeArticle author='AEIOU' template='Lexikon_1995_englisch'}]
[{ALLOW view All}][{ALLOW comment All}][{ALLOW edit FreezeAdmin}]