!!!Ständestaat

Corporate State (also: corporative state, corporation state), period 
in the First Republic from May 1, 1934 until March 13, 1938, during 
which the Constitution of 1920/29 was replaced by the  Maiverfassung 
(May Constitution). In the one-party system of the  Fatherland Front 
the parties were to be replaced by specific professional or trade 
groups ("corporations"). Founded by E.  Dollfuss and last represented 
by K.  Schuschnigg the corporate state largely consisted of members of 
the Christian Social Party; the political ideas underlying the concept 
of the corporate state had only partly been realised by 1938. 
Ideological concepts of the corporate state, which had already been 
represented in the Christian Social Doctrine developed by K. von  
Vogelsang, F. M.  Schindler and Alfred von  Liechtenstein, were 
taken up again by younger Christian Socialist politicians and 
representatives of the  Heimwehr around 1930. Their theoretical basis 
was the encyclical "Quadragesimo anno" (1931) by Pope 
Pius XI, in which he called on all Catholics to end the conflict 
between the classes and seek harmonious co-operation among the 
corporations. One of the leading theorists in Austria was O.  Spann.

!Literature
G. Jagschitz, Der oesterreichische Staendestaat 1934-1938, 
in: E. Weinzierl and K. Skalnik (eds.), Oesterreich 1918-38, vol. 1, 
1983; U. Kluge, Der oesterreichische Staendestaat, Entstehung und 
Scheitern, 1984.


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