!!!Tabakanbau

Tobacco Cultivation: From ca. 1570 onwards, tobacco was cultivated in 
Austria for medicinal purposes. Commercial cultivation of tobacco in 
Upper Austria (Enns) and Lower Austria (Neumarkt an der Ybbs) started 
later and was initially successful (from 1652-1716), but the 
monopolisation of tobacco sales as well as taxation and imports 
considerably reduced the attractiveness of tobacco cultivation. In 
Styria, tobacco cultivation began in 1670 (in Wildon and Mureck) on a 
small scale, which developed into intensive growing (in Fuerstenfeld, 
Feldbach, Fehring) around 1694. However, large-scale tobacco 
production was hindered by the Estates, who feared soil depletion, by 
the competition of higher-quality tobacco from Hungary, and government 
intervention (1680, 1%%sup st/%  ban on tobacco cultivation). Thus, 
tobacco cultivation progressively declined until, by 1825, it was 
completely abandoned in the eastern part of Austria. The 1%%sup st/%  
tobacco factory, founded in 1722 at Hainburg, brought about a 
short-term upswing. In Vorarlberg, tobacco was cultivated from the 
mid-18%%sup th/%  century to about 1835 (Frastanz). Some efforts to 
revive tobacco cultivation in Austria were made at the end of the 
19%%sup th/%  century and between 1918 and 1939, but they did not 
prove successful until after 1945. As of 1994, 190.12 hectares 
were being cultivated by 184 farmers, of which 122.05 hectares in 
Styria (district of Fuerstenfeld), 35.6 hectares in Lower Austria 
(district of Hollabrunn), 25.17 hectares in Burgenland (district 
of Oberpullendorf) and 7.30 hectares in Upper Austria. 
393 tons of tobacco were harvested in 1993, which equals 3 % 
of the total amount of tobacco processed in Austria.  Austria Tabak no 
longer processes tobacco leaves but uses tobacco cultivated and 
fermented by the Vereinigung oesterreichischer Tabakpflanzer (Austrian 
Tobacco Growers´ Federation).


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