!!!Vaterländische Front

Fatherland Front, founded on May 20, 1933 by Federal Chancellor E.  
Dollfuss, a "nonpartisan" political organisation with the 
aim of uniting all Austrian forces loyal to the government. The speech 
held by E. Dollfuss on September 11, 1933 on the trotting race-course 
in Vienna was the first general call for the establishment of a 
"social, Christian, German Austria, on a corporative basis and under 
strong authoritarian leadership". When all the parties were 
dissolved the Fatherland Front became the sole representative of 
political objectives and of the  Corporate State. Its symbol was the  
Cross Potent (Teutonic Cross), students carried a badge bearing the 
words "Stand together", all civil servants were obliged to 
become members. Headed by E. Dollfuss (until July 25, 1934), 
E. R.  Starhemberg (July 29, 1934 - March 14, 1936) and K.  
Schuschnigg (March 14, 1936 - March 11, 1938). The Fatherland Front 
had several subordinate organisations, the Oesterreichisches Jungvolk, 
a "volkspolitisches Referat fuer national Gesinnte", i.e. a 
nationalist section, a socio-political section for former Social 
Democrats and the "Frontmiliz", created in October 1936 to replace the 
paramilitary forces. After his assassination E. Dollfuss was seen as a 
martyr (memorial places, the song "Ihr Jungen schliesst die 
Reihen gut ..." dedicated to him).

!Literature
I. Baernthaler, Die vaterlaendische Front, Geschichte und 
Organisation, 1971; L. Reichhold, Kampf um Oesterreich. Die 
vaterlaendische Front und ihr Widerstand gegen den Anschluss 
1933-1938, %%sup 2/%1985.


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