!!!Wieden

Wieden, 4%%sup th/%  district of Vienna, area 1.83 km%%sup 2/%, 
pop. 31,410 (1991), formed in 1850 through the merger of the 3 suburbs 
of Wieden, Schaumburgergrund (suburb since 1813, the name stems from 
the Counts of Schaumburg, who had been owners of the land since the 
15%%sup th/%  century), and Hungelbrunn (documented mention in the 
14%%sup th/%  century, originally only vineyards, housing construction 
began in 1801). The first settlement at Wieden emerged in the 
2%%sup nd/%  half of the 12%%sup th/%  century; stretching along the 
River Wien to Karlsplatz Square. It was documented as 
"Widem" in connection with the erection of a Hospital of the 
Holy Spirit ("Widum" means the foundation and furnishing of 
a church) in 1211 and was later known as "Vienna Suburb on the 
River Wien". The suburb, already densely settled in those days, 
was burnt down twice (1529 and 1683) in the wake of the Turkish Sieges 
of Vienna. The main construction phase took off in the 18%%sup th/%  
century (Saint Charles´s Church, palaces of noble families), and 
the district grew continuously.  Margareten was detached and made an 
independent district (5%%sup th/%  district) in 1861, the parts of 
Wieden lying outside the "Guertel" ring-road were detached 
in 1874 and turned into today´s 10%%sup th/%  district  
Favoriten. Main road and major arterial road to the south is the 
Wiedner Hauptstrasse.

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Churches:  Saint Charles´s Church (Karlskirche); early Baroque 
Barnabite church (Paulanerkirche), erected between 1627 and 1651 as 
abbey church, (abbey pulled down in 1797/98); St. Thecla church 
(built 1754-1756 by J. Gerl); St. Elisabeth church (1857-66).

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Secular buildings:  Theresianum (former  Favorita); 
Schoenburg-Starhemberg Palace (1705/06, more storeys added in 1841);  
University of Technology, Vienna (built 1816-1818, annexes 1971-1982, 
main library 1984-1987); Protestant school (1860-1862, by T. Hansen); 
French Embassy (1906-1909);  Historisches Museum der Stadt Wien; 
"Kunsthalle Wien" exhibition hall on Karlsplatz Square 
(1992); radio broadcasting building (1935-1937, by C. Holzmeister); 
building of the Vienna Chamber of Labour (1957-1960); Franz Domes 
hostel for apprentices (1952, by R. Rainer); Adolf Czettel education 
centre (1985-1989, incl. theatre  Akzent); House of Sports; building 
of the Merchants´ Organisation on Schwarzenbergplatz square 
(1905); building of the Wirtschaftskammer Oesterreich; monuments to J. 
Brahms, J. Ressel, F. Madersperger, S. Marcus, and G. R. Donner, 
angel fountain, Mozart fountain, children´s fountain, Henry 
Moore sculpture (1978).

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Diplomatic Academy; embassies; Red Cross Society building.

!Literature
F. Czeike, Wieden, Wiener Bezirkskulturfuehrer, 1979; K. 
Lohrmann and F. Opll, Regesten zur Fruehgeschichte von Wien, 1981; F. 
Czeike, Historisches Lexikon Wien, 5 vols., 1992-1997.


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