!!!Wiener Gruppe

Wiener Gruppe, circle of Austrian experimental writers emerging from 
the  Art-Club founded in 1946. Members included F.  Achleitner, 
H. C.  Artmann (until 1958), K.  Bayer, G.  Ruehm and Oswald  
Wiener (from 1954). The common aim of the group, which began to form 
around 1951/52 and existed until 1964 (death of K. Bayer), was the 
search for progressive and avant-garde forms of writing and the 
rejection of conventional literature. Literary expressionism, 
surrealism and dadaism were the connecting links, the language theory 
of L.  Wittgenstein and F. Mauthner as well as the philosophy of Max 
Stirner provided a theoretical basis. The material "language" was 
critically examined in teamwork projects ("poetical parlour games"); 
text montages, concrete, acoustic and visual poetry, chansons and 
sketches were presented in lectures and happenings ("literary 
cabarets"). Dialect was re-discovered for modern poetry (H. C. 
Artmann, "med ana schwoazzn dintn", 1958). The artistically 
consistent and uncompromising work of the authors, their sometimes 
provocative and grotesquely macabre texts led to hostility and 
isolation. Many manuscripts remained unprinted and some were even 
lost. The Wiener Gruppe, which also influenced writers such as E.  
Jandl and F.  Mayroecker, played an important role in the 
establishment of avant-garde literature in the entire German-speaking 
area  Concrete Poetry.

!Literature
Die Wiener Gruppe, ed. by G. Ruehm, 1967 (enlarged new 
edition 1985); die wiener gruppe, 1987; A. Bucher, Die szenischen 
Texte der Wiener Gruppe, 1992; Miteinander. Zueinander. Gegeneinander. 
Gemeinschaftsarbeiten oesterreichischer Kuenstler und ihrer Freunde 
nach 1950 bis in die achtziger Jahre, ed. by O. Breicha and H. 
Klocker, 1992.


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