!!!Zwettl
 
Zwettl, Lower Austria, town in the district of Zwettl, 
alt. 518 m, pop. 11,427, 
area 256.07 km%%sup 2/%, administrative, school and summer 
tourism centre (73,615 overnight stays in 1992) at the confluence of 
the rivers Zwettl and Kamp, in the centre of the Waldviertel Region, 
road junction; extremely low temperatures in winter due to its 
location in a valley basin. - District commission, district court, 
district firefighting command, district Gendarmerie command, labour 
market service, revenue and surveying office, hospital, bridge and 
road maintenance depot, chamber of labour, economic chamber, district 
chamber of agriculture, Lower Austrian chamber of agricultural and 
allied workers, regional health and social insurance agency, district 
directorate of the EVN AG, Caritas Alte Propstei residential home, 
relief organisation, municipal museum, episcopal seminary, 
Bundesgymnasium and Bundesrealgymnasium secondary schools, commercial 
academy, commercial school, 2 Edelhof agricultural trade schools, 
Institute of the School Sisters, adult education centre, nursing 
school; abbey with education centre, library, museum and various 
businesses; testing centre of the federal institute of agriculture and 
chemistry; Museum Duernhof; boy´s choir boarding school; 4,469 
inhabitants in gainful employment (1991), of which 69 % work in 
the service sector (mainly personal, social and public services), 
crude oil and food stuff wholesale trade, Lagerhaus agricultural 
co-operative, wood processing, brewery, dairy, distillery, 
construction industry. - Foundation of a fortified castle-chapel by 
Hadmar I von Kuenring around 1100/1120, one of the first parishes 
of the Waldviertel Region, first documented mention in 1139, 
documented mention of town charter in 1200, trade centre during the 
Middle Ages, large parts of a medieval fortification wall with 6 
towers have been preserved; parish church, late Romanesque pier 
basilica with late Gothic chancel (around 1483-1490), late Baroque 
high altar and rich Rococo stuccowork; late Gothic 
Buergerspitalskirche church (1438-1448), former provostry church, now 
cemetery church with Romanesque west tribune gallery and early Gothic 
St. Michael chapel with paintings (15%%sup th/%  and 
16%%sup th/%  centuries); late Romanesque ossuary (2%%sup nd/% 
 half of the 13%%sup th/%  century); former provostry (built 
on the foundations of the former Kuenringer castle in 1483, altered in 
Baroque style around 1710); well-preserved former 
"Ackerbuergerhaeuser" (burgher´s houses, central 
elements date back to the 16%%sup th/%  century); old town hall 
(documented mention in 1301 or in 1307, district court until 1975, now 
library and museum) with sgraffito façade; Buergerspital 
hospital; Pernerstorferhof; Trinity column (1727). North-east of the 
town Zwettl is  Zwettl Abbey.

!Literature
W. Pongratz and H. Hakala, Zwettl, 2 vols., 
1980-1982; Oesterreichisches Staedtebuch, vol. IV, part 3, 
Die Staedte Niederoesterreichs, 1982.



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