!!!Chad: Geography
||Location|Central Africa, south of Libya
||Geographic Coordinates|15 00 N, 19 00 E[{GoogleMap location='15.0,19.0' zoom='4'}]
||Area |''total: ''1.284 million sq km\\''land: ''1,259,200 sq km\\''water: ''24,800 sq km\\[[__''Verified in 8 databases''__]
||Land boundaries|''total: ''6,406 km\\''border countries: ''Cameroon 1,116 km, Central African Republic 1,556 km, Libya 1,050 km, Niger 1,196 km, Nigeria 85 km, Sudan 1,403 km
||Coastline|0 km (landlocked)
||Elevation Extremes|''lowest point: ''Djourab 160 m\\''highest point: ''Emi Koussi 3,415 m
||Highest Mountains|__Due to difference in mountain rankings taken from two data sources we are listing here both lists :__\\ According to [Wolfram|http://www.wolframalpha.com]: Emi Koussi 3415 m; Tousside 3315 m; Tarso Voon 3100 m; Tarso Toh 2000 m\\According to [Geonames|http://www.geonames.org]: Emi Koussi 3415 m; Binim 1360 m; Silagni 1236 m; Nikou 1230 m; Diouga 1210 m\\ \\__Attempted Explanation:__ Please help us to try to explain the discrepancies by sending us helpful information to [office@global-geography.org|mailto:office@global-geography.org]
||Terrain|broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south
||Natural Hazards|hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues
||Natural Resource|petroleum, uranium, natron, kaolin, fish (Lake Chad), gold, limestone, sand and gravel, salt
||Land Use|''arable land: ''3.82%\\''permanent crops: ''0.02%\\''other: ''96.16% (2011)
||Climate|tropical in south, desert in north
||Irrigated Land|302.7 sq km (2003)
||Renewable Water Resources|43 cu km (2011)
||Environment_CurrentIssues|inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution; desertification
||Environment - international agreements|''party to: ''Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands\\''signed, but not ratified: ''Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping
||Large Cities|NDjamena; Moundou; Sarh; Abeche; Kelo\\ __[[Verified]__\\[Important Cities|Geography/Africa/Chad/Geography/Important_Cities]
||Geography-note|<i><b>note 1:</b> </i>Chad is largest of Africa's 16 landlocked countries<br /><i><b>note 2:</b> </i>not long ago - geologically speaking - what is today the Sahara was green savanah teeming with wildlife; during the African Humid Period, roughly 11,000 to 5,000 years ago, a vibrant animal community, including elephants, giraffes, hippos, and antelope lived there; the last remnant of the "Green Sahara" exists in the Lakes of Ounianga (oo-nee-ahn-ga) in northern Chad, a series of 18 interconnected freshwater, saline, and hypersaline lakes now protected as a World Heritage site<br /><i><b>note 3:</b> </i>Lake Chad, the most significant water body in the Sahel, is a remnant of a former inland sea, paleolake Mega-Chad; at its greatest extent, sometime before 5000 B.C., Lake Mega-Chad was the largest of four Saharan paleolakes that existed during the African Humid Period; it covered an area of about 400,000 sq km (150,000 sq mi), i.e., roughly the size of today's Caspian Sea\\[Important Lakes|Geography/Africa/Chad/Geography/Important_Lakes]