!!!Mexico: Government
||Country name|''conventional long form'': United Mexican States \\ ''conventional short form'': Mexico \\ ''local long form'': Estados Unidos Mexicanos \\ ''local short form'': Mexico \\ ''etymology'': named after the Mexica, the largest and most powerful branch of the Aztecs; the meaning of the name is uncertain \\ 
||Government type|federal presidential republic
||Capital|Mexico City (Ciudad de Mexico)[{GoogleMap location='Mexico City (Ciudad de Mexico)' zoom='6'}] \\ ''geographic coordinates'': 19 26 N, 99 08 W \\ ''time difference'': UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time) \\ ''daylight saving time'': +1hr, begins first Sunday in April; ends last Sunday in October \\  \\ ''__note__'': Mexico has four time zones \\ 
||Administrative divisions|31 states (estados, singular - estado) and 1 city* (ciudad); Aguascalientes, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Colima, Cuidad de Mexico*, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan de Ocampo, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave (Veracruz), Yucatan, Zacatecas
||Independence|16 September 1810 (declared); 27 September 1821 (recognized by Spain)
||National holiday|Independence Day, 16 September (1810)
||Constitution|several previous; latest approved 5 February 1917; amended many times, last in 2015 (2016)
||Legal system|civil law system with US constitutional law influence; judicial review of legislative acts
||International law organization participation|accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
||Citizenship|''citizenship by birth'': yes \\ ''citizenship by descent'': yes \\ ''dual citizenship recognized'': not specified \\ ''residency requirement for naturalization'': 5 years \\ 
||Suffrage|18 years of age; universal and compulsory
||Executive branch|''chief of state'': President Enrique PENA NIETO (since 1 December 2012); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government \\ ''head of government'': President Enrique PENA NIETO (since 1 December 2012) \\ ''cabinet'': Cabinet appointed by the president; note - appointment of attorney general, the head of the Bank of Mexico, and senior treasury officials require consent of the Senate \\ ''elections/appointments'': president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a single 6-year term; election last held on 1 July 2012 (next to be held in July 2018) \\ ''election results'': Enrique PENA NIETO elected president; percent of vote - Enrique PENA NIETO (PRI) 38.2%, Andres Manuel LOPEZ OBRADOR (PRD) 31.6%, Josefina Eugenia VAZQUEZ Mota (PAN) 25.4%, other 4.8% \\ 
||Legislative branch|''description'': bicameral National Congress or Congreso de la Union consists of the Senate or Camara de Senadores (128 seats; 96 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 32 directly elected in a single, nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 6-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (500 seats; 300 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 200 directly elected in a single, nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 3-year terms) \\ ''elections'': Senate - last held on 1 July 2012 for all of the seats (next to be held 1 July 2018); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 7 June 2015 (next to be held on 1 July 2018) \\ ''election results'': Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PRI 52, PAN 38, PRD 22, PVEM 9, PT 4, Movimiento Ciudadano 2, PANAL 1; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PRI 203, PAN 108, PRD 56, PVEM 47, MORENA 35, MC 26, PNA/PANAL 10, PES 8, PT 6, independent 1 \\ 
||Judicial branch|''highest court(s)'': Supreme Court of Justice or Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nacion (consists of the chief justice and 11 justices and organized into civil, criminal, administrative, and labor panels) and the Electoral Tribunal of the Federal Judiciary (organized into the superior court, with 7 judges including the court president and 5 regional courts, each with 3 judges) \\ ''judge selection and term of office'': Supreme Court justices nominated by the president of the republic and approved by two-thirds vote of the members present in the Senate; justices serve for life; Electoral Tribunal superior and regional court judges nominated by the Supreme Court and elected by two-thirds vote of members present in the Senate; superior court president elected from among its members to hold office for a 4-year term; other judges of the superior and regional courts serve staggered, 9-year terms \\ ''subordinate courts'': federal level includes circuit, collegiate, and unitary courts; state and district level courts \\ 
||Political parties and leaders|Citizen's Movement (Movimiento Ciudadano) or MC (Dante DELGADO Rannaoro) \\ Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) or PRI (Cesar CAMACHO Quiroz) \\ Labor Party (Partido del Trabajo) or PT (Alberto ANAYA Gutierrez) \\ Mexican Green Ecological Party (Partido Verde Ecologista de Mexico) or PVEM (Jorge Emilio GONZALEZ Torres) \\ Movement for National Regeneration (Movimiento Regeneracion Nacional) or MORENA (Marti BATRES) \\ National Action Party (Partido Accion Nacional) or PAN (Gustavo MADERO Munoz) \\ New Alliance Party (Partido Nueva Alianza) or PNA/PANAL (Luis CASTRO Obregon) \\ Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolucion Democratica) or PRD (Jesus ZAMBRANO Grijalva) \\ Social Encounter Party (Partido Encuentro Social) or PES (Hugo Eric FLORES Cervantes)
||Political pressure groups and leaders|Businessmen's Coordinating Council or CCE \\ Confederation of Employers of the Mexican Republic or COPARMEX \\ Confederation of Industrial Chambers or CONCAMIN \\ Confederation of Mexican Workers or CTM \\ Confederation of National Chambers of Commerce or CONCANACO \\ Coordinator for Foreign Trade Business Organizations or COECE \\ Federation of Unions Providing Goods and Services or FESEBES \\ National Chamber of Transformation Industries or CANACINTRA \\ National Confederation of Popular Organizations or CNOP \\ National Coordinator for Education Workers or CNTE \\ National Peasant Confederation or CNC \\ National Small Business Chamber or CANACOPE \\ National Syndicate of Education Workers or SNTE \\ National Union of Workers or UNT \\ Popular Assembly of the People of Oaxaca or APPO \\ Roman Catholic Church
||International organization participation|APEC, Australia Group, BCIE, BIS, CAN (observer), Caricom (observer), CD, CDB, CE (observer), CELAC, CSN (observer), EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-3, G-15, G-20, G-24, G-5, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, MIGA, NAFTA, NAM (observer), NEA, NSG, OAS, OECD, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance, Paris Club (associate), PCA, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR (observer), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
||Diplomatic representation in the US|''chief of mission'': Ambassador Carlos Manuel SADA Solana (since 25 May 2016) \\ ''chancery'': 1911 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006 \\ ''telephone'': (1) (202) 728-1600 \\ ''FAX'': (1) (202) 728-1698 \\ ''consulate(s) general'': Atlanta, Austin, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, El Paso (TX), Houston, Laredo (TX), Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Nogales (AZ), Phoenix, Sacramento (CA), San Antonio (TX), San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), San Juan (Puerto Rico), Saint Paul (MN) \\ ''consulate(s)'': Albuquerque (NM), Anchorage (AK), Boise (ID), Brownsville (TX), Calexico (CA), Del Rio (TX), Detroit, Douglas (AZ), Eagle Pass (TX), Fresno (CA), Indianapolis (IN), Kansas City (MO), Las Vegas (NV), Little Rock (AR), McAllen (TX), Minneapolis (MN), New Orleans, Omaha (NE), Orlando (FL), Oxnard (CA), Philadelphia, Portland (OR), Presidio (TX), Raleigh (NC), Salt Lake City, San Bernardino (CA), Santa Ana (CA), Seattle, Tucson (AZ), Yuma (AZ); note - Washington DC Consular Section is located in a separate building from the Mexican Embassy and has jurisdiction over DC, parts of Virginia, Maryland, and West Virginia \\ 
||Diplomatic representation from the US|''chief of mission'': Ambassador Roberta JACOBSON (since 20 June 2016) \\ ''embassy'': Paseo de la Reforma 305, Colonia Cuauhtemoc, 06500 Mexico, Distrito Federal \\ ''mailing address'': P. O. Box 9000, Brownsville, TX 78520-9000 \\ ''telephone'': (52) (55) 5080-2000 \\ ''FAX'': (52) (55) 5080-2834 \\ ''consulate(s) general'': Ciudad Juarez, Guadalajara, Hermosillo, Matamoros, Merida, Monterrey, Nogales, Nuevo Laredo, Tijuana \\ 
||Flag description|three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and red; Mexico's coat of arms (an eagle with a snake in its beak perched on a cactus) is centered in the white band; green signifies hope, joy, and love; white represents peace and honesty; red stands for hardiness, bravery, strength, and valor; the coat of arms is derived from a legend that the wandering Aztec people were to settle at a location where they would see an eagle on a cactus eating a snake; the city they founded, Tenochtitlan, is now Mexico City \\ ''__note__'': similar to the flag of Italy, which is shorter, uses lighter shades of red and green, and does not display anything in its white band \\ 
||National symbol(s)|golden eagle; national colors: green, white, red
||National anthem|''name'': "Himno Nacional Mexicano" (National Anthem of Mexico) \\ ''lyrics/music'': Francisco Gonzalez BOCANEGRA/Jaime Nuno ROCA \\  \\ ''__note__'': adopted 1943, in use since 1854; also known as "Mexicanos, al grito de Guerra" (Mexicans, to the War Cry); according to tradition, Francisco Gonzalez BOCANEGRA, an accomplished poet, was uninterested in submitting lyrics to a national anthem contest; his fiancee locked him in a room and refused to release him until the lyrics were completed \\