!!!India: People & Society ||Population|1,266,883,598 (July 2016 est.) ||Nationality|''noun'': Indian(s) \\ ''adjective'': Indian \\ ||Ethnic groups|Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000) ||Languages|Hindi 41%, Bengali 8.1%, Telugu 7.2%, Marathi 7%, Tamil 5.9%, Urdu 5%, Gujarati 4.5%, Kannada 3.7%, Malayalam 3.2%, Oriya 3.2%, Punjabi 2.8%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.2%, other 5.9% \\ ''__note__'': English enjoys the status of subsidiary official language but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the most widely spoken language and primary tongue of 41% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language (2001 census) \\ ||Religions|Hindu 79.8%, Muslim 14.2%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.7%, other and unspecified 2% (2011 est.) ||Age structure|''0-14 years'': 27.71% (male 186,420,229/female 164,611,755) \\ ''15-24 years'': 17.99% (male 121,009,850/female 106,916,692) \\ ''25-54 years'': 40.91% (male 267,203,029/female 251,070,105) \\ ''55-64 years'': 7.3% (male 46,398,574/female 46,105,489) \\ ''65 years and over'': 6.09% (male 36,549,003/female 40,598,872) (2016 est.) \\ ||Dependency ratios|''total dependency ratio'': 52.4% \\ ''youth dependency ratio'': 43.9% \\ ''elderly dependency ratio'': 8.6% \\ ''potential support ratio'': 11.7% (2015 est.) \\ ||Median age|''total'': 27.6 years \\ ''male'': 26.9 years \\ ''female'': 28.3 years (2016 est.) \\ ||Population growth rate|1.19% (2016 est.) ||Birth rate|19.3 births/1,000 population (2016 est.) ||Death rate|7.3 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.) ||Net migration rate|0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.) ||Urbanization|''urban population'': 32.7% of total population (2015) \\ ''rate of urbanization'': 2.38% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) \\ ||Major urban areas - population|NEW DELHI (capital) 25.703 million; Mumbai 21.043 million; Kolkata 11.766 million; Bangalore 10.087 million; Chennai 9.62 million; Hyderabad 8.944 million (2015) ||Sex ratio|''at birth'': 1.12 male(s)/female \\ ''0-14 years'': 1.13 male(s)/female \\ ''15-24 years'': 1.13 male(s)/female \\ ''25-54 years'': 1.06 male(s)/female \\ ''55-64 years'': 1.01 male(s)/female \\ ''65 years and over'': 0.9 male(s)/female \\ ''total population'': 1.08 male(s)/female (2016 est.) \\ ||Mother's mean age at first birth|19.9 \\ ''__note__'': median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2005/06 est.) \\ ||Maternal mortality rate|174 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) ||Infant mortality rate|''total'': 40.5 deaths/1,000 live births \\ ''male'': 39.2 deaths/1,000 live births \\ ''female'': 41.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) \\ ||Life expectancy at birth|''total population'': 68.5 years \\ ''male'': 67.3 years \\ ''female'': 69.8 years (2016 est.) \\ ||Total fertility rate|2.45 children born/woman (2016 est.) ||Contraceptive prevalence rate|54.8% (2007/08) ||Health expenditures|4.7% of GDP (2014) ||Physicians density|0.7 physicians/1,000 population (2012) ||Hospital bed density|0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011) ||Drinking water source|''improved'': \\ urban: 97.1% of population \\ rural: 92.6% of population \\ total: 94.1% of population \\ ''unimproved'': \\ urban: 2.9% of population \\ rural: 7.4% of population \\ total: 5.9% of population (2015 est.) \\ ||Sanitation facility access|''improved'': \\ urban: 62.6% of population \\ rural: 28.5% of population \\ total: 39.6% of population \\ ''unimproved'': \\ urban: 37.4% of population \\ rural: 71.5% of population \\ total: 60.4% of population (2015 est.) \\ ||HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate|0.26% (2013 est.) ||HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS|2,118,100 (2015 est.) ||HIV/AIDS - deaths|67,600 (2015 est.) ||Major infectious diseases|''degree of risk'': very high \\ ''food or waterborne diseases'': bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever \\ ''vectorborne diseases'': dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, and malaria \\ ''water contact disease'': leptospirosis \\ ''animal contact disease'': rabies (2016) \\ ||Obesity - adult prevalence rate|4.7% (2014) ||Children under the age of 5 years underweight|43.5% (2006) ||Education expenditures|3.8% of GDP (2013) ||Literacy|''definition'': age 15 and over can read and write \\ ''total population'': 71.2% \\ ''male'': 81.3% \\ ''female'': 60.6% (2015 est.) \\ ||School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)|''total'': 12 years \\ ''male'': 11 years \\ ''female'': 12 years (2013) \\ ||Child labor - children ages 5-14|''total number'': 26,965,074 \\ ''percentage'': 12% (2006 est.) \\ ||Unemployment, youth ages 15-24|''total'': 10.7% \\ ''male'': 10.4% \\ ''female'': 11.6% (2012 est.) \\ *[Drei ungewöhnliche Reisen|https://nid.iicm.tugraz.at/Home/ViewBook/394]