!!!Timor-Leste: Government ||Country name|''conventional long form'': Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste \\ ''conventional short form'': Timor-Leste \\ ''local long form'': Republika Demokratika Timor Lorosa'e (Tetum); Republica Democratica de Timor-Leste (Portuguese) \\ ''local short form'': Timor Lorosa'e (Tetum); Timor-Leste (Portuguese) \\ ''former'': East Timor, Portuguese Timor \\ ''etymology'': "timor" derives from the Indonesian and Malay word "timur" meaning "east"; "leste" is the Portuguese word for "east", so "Timor-Leste" literally means "Eastern-East"; the local (Tetum) name "Timor Lorosa'e" translates as "East Rising Sun" \\ \\ ''__note__'': pronounced TEE-mor LESS-tay \\ ||Government type|semi-presidential republic ||Capital|Dili[{GoogleMap location='Dili' zoom='6'}] \\ ''geographic coordinates'': 8 35 S, 125 36 E \\ ''time difference'': UTC+9 (14 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) \\ ||Administrative divisions|13 administrative districts; Aileu, Ainaro, Baucau, Bobonaro (Maliana), Cova-Lima (Suai), Dili, Ermera (Gleno), Lautem (Los Palos), Liquica, Manatuto, Manufahi (Same), Oecussi (Ambeno), Viqueque \\ ''__note__'': administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) \\ ||Independence|20 May 2002 (from Indonesia); note - 28 November 1975 was the date independence was proclaimed from Portugal; 20 May 2002 was the date of international recognition of Timor-Leste's independence from Indonesia ||National holiday|Restoration of Independence Day, 20 May (2002); Proclamation of Independence Day, 28 November (1975) ||Constitution|drafted 2001, approved 22 March 2002, entered into force 20 May 2002 (2016) ||Legal system|civil law system based on the Portuguese model; note - penal and civil law codes to replace the Indonesian codes were passed by Parliament and promulgated in 2009 and 2011, respectively ||International law organization participation|accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction ||Citizenship|''citizenship by birth'': no \\ ''citizenship by descent only'': at least one parent must be a citizen of Timor-Leste \\ ''dual citizenship recognized'': no \\ ''residency requirement for naturalization'': 10 years \\ ||Suffrage|17 years of age; universal ||Executive branch|''chief of state'': President Taur Matan RUAK, aka Jose Maria de VASCONCELOS (since 20 May 2012); note - the president plays a largely symbolic role but is the commander in chief of the military and is able to veto legislation, dissolve parliament, and call national elections \\ ''head of government'': Prime Minister Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO - formerly Jose Alexandre GUSMAO (since 8 August 2007); Vice Prime Minister Fernando "Lasama" de ARAUJO (since 8 August 2012) \\ ''cabinet'': Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister and appointed by the president \\ ''elections/appointments'': president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 17 March 2012 with a runoff on 16 April 2012; following parliamentary elections, the president appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the prime minister \\ ''election results'': Taur Matan RUAK elected president in runoff; percent of vote - Taur Matan RUAK (independent) 61.2%, Francisco GUTTERES (Frenti-Mudanca) 38.8% \\ ||Legislative branch|''description'': unicameral National Parliament (65 seats; members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms) \\ ''elections'': elections were held on 7 July 2012 (next to be held in July 2017) \\ ''election results'': percent of vote by party - CNRT 36%, FRETILIN 30%, PD 10%, Frenti-Mudanca 3%, others 21%; seats by party - CNRT 30, FRETILIN 25, PD 8, Frenti-Mudanca 2 \\ ||Judicial branch|''highest court(s)'': Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the court president and NA judges) \\ ''judge selection and term of office'': Supreme Court president appointed by the president of the republic from among the other court judges to serve a 4-year term; other Supreme Court judges appointed - 1 by the Parliament and the others by the Supreme Council for the Judiciary, a body presided by the Supreme Court president and includes mostly presidential and parliamentary appointees; other Supreme Court judges appointed for life \\ ''subordinate courts'': Court of Appeal; High Administrative, Tax, and Audit Court; district courts; magistrates' courts; military courts \\ \\ ''__note__'': the UN Justice System Programme, launched in 2003 in 4 phases through 2018, is helping strengthen the country's justice system; the Programme is aligned with the country's long-range Justice Sector Strategic Plan, which includes legal reform \\ ||Political parties and leaders|Democratic Party or PD (Fernando "Lasama" de ARAUJO) \\ Frenti-Mudanca (Jose Luis GUTERRES) \\ National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction or CNRT (Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO) \\ Revolutionary Front of Independent Timor-Leste or FRETILIN (Mari ALKATIRI) \\ (only parties in Parliament are listed) ||Political pressure groups and leaders|NA ||International organization participation|ACP, ADB, AOSIS, ARF, ASEAN (observer), CPLP, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PIF (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WMO ||Diplomatic representation in the US|''chief of mission'': Ambassador Domingos Sarmento ALVES (since 21 May 2014) \\ ''chancery'': 4201 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 504, Washington, DC 20008 \\ ''telephone'': (1) (202) 966-3202 \\ ''FAX'': (1) (202) 966-3205 \\ ||Diplomatic representation from the US|''chief of mission'': Ambassador Karen STANTON (since 16 January 2015) \\ ''embassy'': Avenida de Portugal, Praia dos Coqueiros, Dili \\ ''mailing address'': US Department of State, 8250 Dili Place, Washington, DC 20521-8250 \\ ''telephone'': (670) 332-4684 \\ ''FAX'': (670) 331-3206 \\ ||Flag description|red with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a slightly longer yellow arrowhead that extends to the center of the flag; a white star - pointing to the upper hoist-side corner of the flag - is in the center of the black triangle; yellow denotes the colonialism in Timor-Leste's past; black represents the obscurantism that needs to be overcome; red stands for the national liberation struggle; the white star symbolizes peace and serves as a guiding light ||National symbol(s)|Mount Ramelau; national colors: red, yellow, black, white ||National anthem|''name'': "Patria" (Fatherland) \\ ''lyrics/music'': Fransisco Borja DA COSTA/Afonso DE ARAUJO \\ \\ ''__note__'': adopted 2002; the song was first used as an anthem when Timor-Leste declared its independence from Portugal in 1975; the lyricist, Fransisco Borja DA COSTA, was killed in the Indonesian invasion just days after independence was declared \\