Bosnia and Herzegovina: Geography#
| Location | Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Croatia |
|---|---|
| Geographic Coordinates | 44 00 N, 18 00 E 44.0,18.0 |
| Area | total: 51,197 sq km land: 51,187 sq km water: 10 sq km [Verified in 8 databases] |
| Land boundaries | total: 1,543 km border countries: Croatia 956 km, Montenegro 242 km, Serbia 345 km |
| Coastline | 20 km |
| Elevation Extremes | lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Maglic 2,386 m |
| Highest Mountains | Due to difference in mountain rankings taken from two data sources we are listing here both lists : According to Wolfram: Maglic 2387 m; Zelena Glava 2155 m; Vranica 2110 m; Lupoglav 2102 m; Bjelasnica 2067 m According to Geonames: Badanj 2243 m; Plocno 2225 m; Veliki Vilinac 2113 m; Lica 2111 m; Locika 2104 m Attempted Explanation: Please help us to try to explain the discrepancies by sending us helpful information to office nospam@TUGraz.at @global-geography.org Important Mountains |
| Terrain | mountains and valleys |
| Natural Hazards | destructive earthquakes |
| Natural Resource | coal, iron ore, bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, cobalt, manganese, nickel, clay, gypsum, salt, sand, timber, hydropower |
| Land Use | arable land: 19.63% permanent crops: 1.99% other: 78.38% (2011) |
| Climate | hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild, rainy winters along coast |
| Irrigated Land | 30 sq km (2003) |
| Renewable Water Resources | 37.5 cu km (2011) |
| Environment_CurrentIssues | air pollution from metallurgical plants; sites for disposing of urban waste are limited; water shortages and destruction of infrastructure because of the 1992-95 civil strife; deforestation |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Large Cities | Due to difference in city rankings taken from two data sources we are listing here both lists : According to Wolfram: Sarajevo; Zenica; Banja Luka; Tuzla; Mostar According to Geonames: Sarajevo; Banja Luka; Zenica; Tuzla; Mostar Attempted Explanation: Please help us to try to explain the discrepancies by sending us helpful information to office nospam@TUGraz.at @global-geography.org Important Cities |
| Geography-note | within Bosnia and Herzegovina's recognized borders, the country is divided into a joint Bosniak/Croat Federation (about 51% of the territory) and the Bosnian Serb-led Republika Srpska or RS (about 49% of the territory); the region called Herzegovina is contiguous to Croatia and Montenegro, and traditionally has been settled by an ethnic Croat majority in the west and an ethnic Serb majority in the east Important Lakes |