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stElla panayotoVa
and, together with red earth, under gold. William de Brailes used complex layers to
create bole in four hues (red, pink, brown and yellow) and applied extensive tooling
as well as pigments over the gold (pls. 14f‒g).
Some artists, including Honoré and the illuminator of Christ in Majesty (pl. 3c),
experimented with cooler tones. Grey or blue bole with indigo or azurite was favoured
in deluxe Parisian manuscripts by c. 1250.54 All four masters responsible for the figural
compositions in Isabelle’s Psalter-Hours laid their gold leaf over a black ground; one of
them used it in the miniatures he contributed to St Louis’ Psalter. Its full composition
cannot be determined non-invasively, but the two components identified – calcium
and copper – suggest a layer of chalk and a copper-containing base, perhaps similar
to that in the Liège Psalter. Such intense black bole was exceptionally rare; the other
artists in St Louis’ Psalter used green, yellow or grey bole.55 We encountered grey and
yellow bole; green bole is as yet to be found in other thirteenth-century manuscripts.
54 Bole with indigo features in six miniatures of c. 1250, Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum,
Marlay cutting Fr. 1A. Panayotova, Colour (cit. n. 4), no. 5.
55 Stahl, Picturing kingship (cit. n. 14), pp. 35, 40‒41, 246, 259 n. 47.
pl. 14: Photomicroscopy details of
precious metals in London, Lam-
beth Palace Library, MS 209, fols.
1v (a), 36r (e), 47r (b); Fitzwilliam
Museum, MS 368 (c), MS 288,
fol. 14v (d), MS 330.v (f–g) a b
c d
e
f g
Europäische Bild- und Buchkultur im 13. Jahrhundert
- Titel
- Europäische Bild- und Buchkultur im 13. Jahrhundert
- Autor
- Christine Beier
- Herausgeber
- Michaela Schuller-Juckes
- Verlag
- Böhlau Verlag
- Ort
- Wien
- Datum
- 2020
- Sprache
- deutsch
- Lizenz
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-205-21193-8
- Abmessungen
- 18.5 x 27.8 cm
- Seiten
- 290
- Kategorien
- Geschichte Chroniken