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By the term ‘landscape planning’ we refer to all formal and informal planning
instruments and procedures aimed at protecting, managing, designing, redesigning
and maintaining green spaces and green elements, especially in an urban environ-
ment, including elements such as street trees and façade greening. Thus, the term
covers a broad range of instruments in the realm of nature conservation, landscape
architecture and urban or land use planning. Referring to the planning systems and
instruments of Germany and the UK, respectively, we focus on the official instru-
ments of landscape planning in Germany and on Local Plans or Core Strategies of
Local Development Frameworks (official) as well as Green Infrastructure strategies
(informal) in England as a part of the UK. This concentration on two countries is
due, first, to the authors’ main areas of expertise, and second, to the heterogeneity
of planning systems in different countries across Europe, to which we cannot do
justice in one book chapter. Nonetheless, we think that many recommendations
might also be applicable to or adaptable by other countries.
This chapter does not concentrate on the health effects of urban green space and
biodiversity, as these have been covered comprehensively in previous chapters (see
Part I; Marselle et al. Chap. 9; Cook et al. Chap. 11, all this volume). Instead, our
aim is to show whether and how health issues are already being tackled in formal
and informal landscape planning instruments in Germany and the UK, and how this
could be enhanced in the future. As research and practical gaps can be found in the
incorporation of health aspects into landscape and spatial planning, our chapter
focuses on planning issues, practice and methods. Furthermore, we present health-
promoting features of green spaces, including single green spaces as well as entire
green space systems, and present a method for planning a greenway system for
daily physical mobility.
19.2 Benefits of Considering Health Issues in
Landscape
Planning
Aims and measures in landscape planning often align with positive health effects,
even if those are not explicitly mentioned. To give some examples: the conservation
of biodiversity and species-rich habitats often also safeguards aesthetically pleasing
recreational areas; clean lakes and rivers can serve as important habitats as well as
bathing waters or for the supply of drinking water; soil conservation contributes to
food security and to groundwater recharge and rainwater retention during heavy
rains, and thus reduces the risk of flooding, including associated health risks.
Furthermore, climate change, demographic changes, changes in lifestyle, and – not
least – increased urbanization demanding new residential areas can have effects on
urban, but also rural, green spaces. Consequently, these factors have implications
for landscape planning and for human health and health protection and promotion.
Recreation is strongly related to health and is a topic that has been thoroughly con-
sidered for some time in landscape planning. Even here, however, it must be
19 Linking Landscape Planning and Health
Biodiversity and Health in the Face of Climate Change
- Titel
- Biodiversity and Health in the Face of Climate Change
- Autoren
- Melissa Marselle
- Jutta Stadler
- Horst Korn
- Katherine Irvine
- Aletta Bonn
- Verlag
- Springer Open
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-030-02318-8
- Abmessungen
- 15.5 x 24.0 cm
- Seiten
- 508
- Schlagwörter
- Environment, Environmental health, Applied ecology, Climate change, Biodiversity, Public health, Regional planning, Urban planning
- Kategorien
- Naturwissenschaften Umwelt und Klima