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local company in partner countries. The application is to be made by Japanese institution as themain representative the consortium and showing an evidence of agreement. This procedure inadvertently leaves out local companies without a Japanesepartner to submit on their ownat times. Dueto thisconstraint, Indonesiacreated“Project IdeaNote”procedure, learning from the CDM. Indonesian parties without Japanese partners can propose their technology needs to the Indonesian secretariat who will communicate it to the Japanese government. According to the Indonesian government, proposals from Japanese side are typically “normal”projects underpreviously establishedcooper- ationwith Indonesianside,whileproposals fromIndonesiancompaniesareusually morecrucial for theirowndevelopmentandcomewithaguarantee that theproject will face less non-technical burdens, but the Japanese technologymaynot always available.20Thismaybeoneof the reasonswhyonlyoneoutof sixPINswereable to be followed up (“Power Generation by Waste Heat Recovery in Cement Industry”). This situation shows the needof strengtheningproject identification anddevel- opment through close collaboration with partner countries. Some options for matchmaking could be innovated, for example (1) improving the use of available websites, alsopublishinga listof technology ideasandcompanies,21 (2)promoting the involvement of state-owned companies, municipal governments and local companies, for example those experienced in the CDM, (3) working with the massmedia and local companynetwork. Ideally, networkof local companies andbusiness-research institutions have the capacity to investigate theneedsandpotentials tosupport ‘matching’betweenlocal and Japanese companies, as this needs to be done in business approaches. Effec- tiveness of processes and capacity building events must be enhanced through a long-termengagementwith these organizations. The INDCs from partner countries should also be promoted as key reference document for project development. Combining partner country emissions reduc- tions potential and priority sectors under its INDCs shows a way to promote nationally-appropriate projects. In the future, the JCM also needs projects with bigger emissions reductionpotential to increase cost-effectiveness.Somepotential options are increasingpartner countryand local participants involvement, promote a ‘program JCM’or groupof projects, similar toCDM’s ProgrammeofActivities 20Manansang, Dr. Edwin, Head of Indonesia Joint Committee, CoordinatingMinistry of Eco- nomicAffairs.The JCMDevelopment in Indonesia and Its Evolution Towards Sustainable Low Carbon Growth Cooperation. Presented at International Forum for Sustainable Asia and the Pacific (ISAP) 2015, Parallel Session “Showcasing Successful Partnerships for Low Carbon TechnologyTransfer”, Institute forGlobalEnvironmental Strategies. 21Asia Low-Carbon Development Collaboration Platform website, http://lowcarbon-asia.org/ english/city.html 122 A.Amellina