Seite - (000262) - in Evaluating Climate Change Action for Sustainable Development

Second, inorder for the theoryofchangefor thewiderangeofmainstreamingto work, one can hypothesize, as part of the necessary contextual conditions, that relevantministriesandstakeholdersshouldbehighlyawareof theclimaterisksand thevital importanceof reducingvulnerability.Arelevant contextual condition that isapplicable for this theoryofchange iswheregovernmentofficialsunderstand the actual need to integrateCCA issues in their business-as-usual activities.Acase of Zimbabwedescribed the situation that, even though relevant and technical support wasintroduced,seniorgovernmentofficialsdidnotfullyappreciate thesignificance of such support,which thus did not yield a positive IO. The third theory of change is about the raised level of awareness amongst the general public andgovernment staff, since the level of awareness amongst them is considered key to achieving a high level of effectiveness. A relevant contextual condition for this theory of change thatmay alter the results of IO (i.e. high/low level of awareness) is that the general public is relatively unaware or lack knowl- edge of climate change risks. This condition should also be recognized as an important baseline situation under which planned interventions may trigger the corresponding programme theory in generating a positive IO. A set of identified CMOconfigurations for effectiveness criterion is shown inTable 13.5. 13.6.4 Context forSustainability For this criterion, a high likelihood for sustainingbuilt adaptive capacity andhigh utilisation level of adaptive measures introduced is considered to be one of the important IOs.Inorderfor thecorrespondingtheoryofchangefor thisIOtowork, it is first necessary for the introduced adaptive capacities andmeasures to be those types that are needed and requested by end-users themselves (whichwas not the case inMozambique). Sustained political interest towards theCCAprogramme’s intendedobjectives alsoneedbepresent as another contextual condition that helps this theoryof change to exercise its generative power. Another IO that cancontribute toachievingahigh level of effectiveness ishigh likelihoodforsustained,highlevelstakeholderengagement.Onehypothesis for the contextualcondition iswherebeneficiarieson thegroundandgovernmentcontinue to be present and see the need and benefits in engaging themselves in the CCA programme’s intendedobjectives.Thiscontextcanbehypothesizedsincetherewas onecountrycase (Egypt)where theultimatebeneficiariesof theCCAprogramme, i.e. farmers, hadnot been in theprogrammeactivityprocess,whichhasnegatively contributed to the sustainability element of this programme. Under such circum- stances, though the corresponding implementation theory was held in all the programmes, the programme theory did not get to generate a positive outcome, if such contextual conditionwas notmet. The third IOin thiscriterion isabout sustained levelofmainstreamingatcentral policy and planning level. The corresponding implementation theory makes 248 T.Miyaguchi and J.I.Uitto