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The Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence, the Future of Life Insti-
tute, OpenAI, the Oxford Internet Institute, the Oxford Brookes University and
the Royal Society for Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (2019) are all directing
initiatives in addressing ethics and morality in AI. Closer to our focus on coach-
ing is the work of the On-line Therapy Institute where they have set out an Eth-
ical Framework for coaching through technology (Labardee, Nagel, & Anthony,
2011). An impressive start, but much more needs to be done.
The ethics debate includes the knotty problems of liability and responsibil-
ity. Is it the chatbot designer, the commissioning organisation or the AI system
itself that is accountable? This gets particularly complex in cases where chat-
bots that use Big Data and Machine Learning (generative-based) morph into
something their inventors did not anticipate (Kamphorst, 2017).
Data itself presents a potential problem. Is the data used to train AI systems
to be neutral and impartial, or are our current societal biases (e. g. racism, sex-
ism) built-in? Care must be taken to use a representative data set when training
a coaching chatbot and we need to define what »representative« means. Another
issue with data is privacy. Who has access to the data and how is it used? Con-
sider the saga of Cambridge Analytica. With that in mind, the team around
Wysa and Vicci deliberately created their platform independently of the popu-
lar platforms such as Facebook and WhatsApp to ensure more control.
Kamphorst reminds us that there will be a question of fairness and auton-
omy. Who has access to the best e-coaching systems and how do we prevent
chatbots being programmed to manipulate people?
Designers of conversational bots need to be bound by ethical guidelines. This
is where the coaching community has an important role. Coaches need to join
the ethical debate now. Regulations, human rights, legal and moral clarity all
need attention, definition and boundaries in what is ultimately a very human
condition – a human being present for another human being.
Future
And what about the future? While the holy grail of AI is Artificial General Intel-
ligence (AGI) and the fascination to augment the human body persists, our rela-
tionship with technology is likely to get very personal indeed. Geoff Mulgan
argues that, in future, AI enhancements will augment humans physically and
mentally (Mulgan, 2018). Chips inserted into our bodies will enhance thought
and skills (de Quetteville, 2019). It is highly likely that we will all have our own
»wise« and trusted advisors/companions assigned to us at an early age. And we
Open-Access-Publikation im Sinne der CC-Lizenz BY-NC-ND 4.0
zurück zum
Buch Coaching im digitalen Wandel"
Coaching im digitalen Wandel
- Titel
- Coaching im digitalen Wandel
- Herausgeber
- Robert Wegener
- Silvano Ackermann
- Jeremias Amstutz
- Silvia Deplazes
- Hansjörg Künzli
- Annamarie Ryter
- Verlag
- Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co
- Datum
- 2020
- Sprache
- deutsch, englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-666-40742-0
- Abmessungen
- 15.5 x 23.2 cm
- Seiten
- 166
- Kategorie
- Technik