Seite - 260 - in Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

Energies 2017,10, 616 Wesimulatedfourdifferent typeofdrivingcycles,NEDC(NewEuropeanDrivingCycle),UDDS (UrbanDynamometerDrivingSchedule), JC08 (Madeby Japanese 2005 emission regulation), and HWFET(HighwayFuelEconomyTestCycle), representinga standarddrivingsituation, anurban drivingsituation,a frequentaccelerationanddecelerationsituation,andahighwaydrivingsituation respectively. Themotor operatingpoint distributions of thedifferent driving cycles are shown in Figure12. (a) Motor operating points of NEDC (b) Motor operating points of UDDS 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 motor speed (r/min) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 motor efficiency motor operating points 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 motor speed (r/min) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 motor efficiency motor operating points (c) Motor operating points of JC08 (d) Motor operating points of HWFET 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 motor speed (r/min) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 motor efficiency motor operating point 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 motor speed (r/min) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 motor efficiency motor operating points Figure12.Motoroperatingpoints in fourdrivingcycles. The efficiency distribution and power consumption of the proposed drive system and the contrasting drive system are shown in Table 7. The average efficiency distributions of the four drivingcyclesareshowninFigure13. Table7.Efficiencydistributionandpowerconsumption. DrivingCycles EfficiencyDistribution/% Power Consumption/ kWh100km−1≥0.85 0.8–0.85 0.7–0.8 0.5–0.7 <0.5 Proposed drive system NEDC 32.55 38.20 2.57 2.11 24.57 11.33 UDDS 44.21 14.97 9.71 7.08 24.02 10.26 JC08 46.62 9.71 6.31 5.52 31.84 15.17 HWFET 28.41 42.52 19.33 5.36 4.38 12.52 Average 37.95 26.35 9.48 5.02 21.20 12.32 Contrast drive system NEDC 9.79 12.92 43.18 8.15 25.96 12.18 UDDS 17.49 19.75 22.86 10.37 29.54 11.17 JC08 24.66 17.14 13.74 9.55 34.91 16.23 HWFET 6.14 24.30 52.51 10.45 6.60 13.27 Average 14.52 18.53 33.07 9.63 24.25 13.21 260